HIV AIDS Immune Flashcards
What are the first two lab tests used for diagnosis of aids and what is used to track progression?
Review Chart
State how HIV/Aids is classifed and state two class C oppurtunistic infections
What is Natural Immunity?
- Natural born Defense
- Responds quickly and Broadly(body wide) if challanged
- Leads to inflamation
- Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, monoctes, dendritc cells, macrophages, NATURAL KILLER CELLS
What is the difference between Natural Immunity and Acquired Immunity?
Natural Is born defense, Acquired is passive or active and can be defined as not made by the body itself.
What are passive Acquired Immunities?
- Maternal antibodies
- Injection of Antibodies from another persons
- immunoglobulin
- vaccinations
- monoclonal antibodies
What is the thought process of Herd Immunity
The many who are immune protect the few who are not.
When is herd immunity considered the best option
Herd immunity is best left for those who are unable to receive vacinations safely( ex. Immune dissorders, less than 6 months old, organ transplants, egg allergies
What are CD4-T Cells
They are the primary defenders that are young macrophages in our immune system. When they mature they become CD-8 Cytokins. They are the primary target of HIV virus.
List the 5 types of Immunoglobulins (Ig_)
IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM
Which Type of Immunoglobulin(s) guard against Viral and bacterial Invasions
- IgA
- IgD
- IgE
- IgG
- IgM
- All of the Above
- 1 and 3
- 1,4,and 5
- 1,2, and 5
Answer 8
IgA, IgG, and IgM protect against Viral and bacterial invasion
Which Immunoglobulin Causes Allergic response
- IgA
- IgD
- IgE
- IgG
- IgM
Answer 3
IgE is the immunoglobulin responsible for allergic response
What is the Purpose of IgD?
- Prevent infection
- Acts as an antigen receptor of B cells
- Blocks protein synthesis
- Prevents Shock
Answer 2
IgD is the immunoglobulin responsible for the assistance of B cells acting as a receptor for the B cells
What types of cells are utilized in the Immune system
- RBC’s
- Macrophages
- Neutrophils
- Lmphocytes
- All of the above
- 2 & 3
- 2 & 4
- None of the above.
Answer 7.
The immune system consists of specialized blood cells (Lymphocytes and Macrophages). and Specialized structures including Lymph nodes, the spleen, thymus, bone marrow, tonsils, adenoids and appendix.
Name two specialized structures of the immune system_________________ & ___________________
The immune system consists of specialized blood cells (Lymphocytes and Macrophages). and Specialized structures including Lymph nodes, the spleen, thymus, bone marrow, tonsils, adenoids and appendix.
What are the Levels of CD+ T lymphocytes by category
- HIV Asymptomatic (CDC Category A: More Than500 CD4+ T Lymphocytes/mm3)
- HIV Symptomatic (CDC Category B: 200 to 499CD4 +T Lymphocytes/mm3)
- AIDS (CDC Category C: Fewer Than 200 CD4+T Lymphocytes/mm3)
What are the SELECTED LABORATORY TESTS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TRACKING HIV AND ASSESSING IMMUNE STATUS
See Picture
What are the Three Viral Enzymes that Most HIV and AIDS drugs are named after or similar too?
- Reverse Transcriptase
- intergrase
- protease
At what Stage of Exposure to HIV are you considered Infected.
After DNA Synthesis When Intergration begins you are now considered infected with HIV
What is the main reason HIV has not been able to have a vaccine provided
HIV is a retrovirus, Retroviruses mutate more rapidly, thus making it difficult to formulate a vaccine
What is a marker of HIV progression in patients and why
A decrease in CD4-T Cells is a marker of Disease progression. These falls result primarily from the shortened life span of CD4 -T cells
What are Two key Indicators of a progressing infection with HIV
The primary indicators for a progressing HIV infection are, A Decreasing CD4-T count and an INCREASE in viral Load.
What are the two types of HIV and which is more infectious
- HIV1 and HIV2 are the two main types of Infection
- HIV1 is more common in the US and 90% of the cases are caused by HIV1-Clade B
- HIV1 Is most infectious
- HIV2 Is more common in Africa and progression from infection to AIDS is longer