HIV/AIDS: 10.31.22. and 11.2.22. IS questions Flashcards
how is AIDS different from HIV disease?
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the agent that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), a sxually transmitted infection
what is the name of the stage of early HIV infection that may or may not have flu like symptoms?
ARS (acute retroviral syndrome)
what happens to the amount of culturable virus in the patient during the first early phase of ARS? why?
greatly increases as virus has high levels of reproduction
what happens to the amount of CD4 lymphocytes in the patient during ARS?
CD4 lymphocytes (helper T cells) decreases
what is the phase that follows early infection?
clinical latency
is the phase that follows early infection the same duration for all patients?
no
what happens to the amounts of culturable virus in the patient during the phase that follows early infection?
drops dramatically and stays there!
what happens to the amount of CD4 lymphocytes in the patient during the phase that follows early infection?
steadily decreases
with reference to an HIV infection, what is viral set point?
viral load in a person with HIV disease, after the immune system begins to respond to the virus and viral numbers stabilize
when does AIDS develop?
when the number of helper T cells (CD4 lymphocytes) drops to very low levels, and immunodeficiency results.
has HIV been cured in any living individual?
yes! “The Berlin Patient,” Timothy Ray Brown. in 2007. four people have been cured to date.
AIDS is only…
the end stage of a complex disease that has many signs and symptoms that precede immunodeficiency
what is an HIV infection?
when a person first contracts HIV. can be infected, but may not be ill.
what is HIV disease?
- when does it develop?
- name some symptoms
- develops 6 days - 6 weeks after contracting HIV.
- temporary flu-like signs and symptoms, like fever, head/muscle aches, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes, generalized rash
HIV infection vs. HIV disease vs. HIV (viral) set point vs. AIDS
HIV infection:
HIV disease:
HIV (viral) set point:
AIDS:
what does this acute stage of HIV disease coincide with?
high levels of virus replication
what is the acute stage of HIV disease called?
acute retroviral syndrome (ARS)
what is ARS? what stage does it follow?
acute retroviral syndrome.
stage of HIV disease following the incubation stage, often includes flu-like symptoms.
what is clinical latency
a period when, after the initial burst of replication, viral levels decrease but persist without causing symptoms for many years
why is viral set point important and how is it measured?
- predicts disease progression: the higher the viral set point, the more quickly AIDS usually develops
- HIV RNA levels in plasma
