HIV Flashcards
where is HIV from
came from type of chimpanzee in central Africa
facts about HIV
human immunodeficiency viruses
about 100-120nm in diameter
mature form of virus consists of gp120 and gp41 envelope glycoproteins
what is CD4+ cell
blood cell lineages diverge from progenitor stem cells
Life cycle of HIV
attachment
fusion
reverse transcription
integration
transcription (replication)
translation and assesmbly
transmission of HIV
sexual contact
mother to child
intravenous drug use
blood transfusion
occupational exposure
Two co-receptors for the virus on lymphocytes
CCR5 – early stages of disease.
CXCR4 – late stages of disease.
kinds of diagnosis of HIV infection
point of care test
home sampling kit
blood test
summary of HIV disease
Acute infection syndrome
- high viral load and effective CD8 response
clinical “latent” disease
- loss of CD4 cells
End stage disease (AIDS)
- very low CD4 cell numbers
clinical manifestation of HIV
seroconversion illness
- fever
- muscle ache
- pharyngitis
- weight loss
- headache
- myriad of dermatologic manifestation
- lymphadenopathy
- oral candida
what happen in a HIV test if the result is positive?
prompt referral within 48hr to HIV specialist
what is antiretroviral therapy (ART)
treatment for patients is initiated with a combination of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
key role of CD4 + T cells
facilitate immune responses though production of cytokines
what is the CD4 cells
basically WBC and it helps to fight viral infection
in a early stage of HIV infection, CD8 + T-cell numbers tend to increase / decrease?
increase
what could B-cell hyperreactivity may contribute to ?
increased risk of B-cell lymphomas
