HistoWorld (Male Repro)

Question 1

1.
Which cells produce testosterone?
a. Interstitial cells
b. Leydig cells
c. Sertoli cells
d. Sustentacular cells
e. Both a and b

Answer 1

e. Both a and b

Leydig cells produce testosterone. These are also called “interstitial cells” or “interstitial cells of Leydig”. Sertoli cells are directly involved in spermatogenesis. They are also called “sustentacular cells” or “nurse cells”.

Question 2

2.
How many seminiferous tubules are found in each testis of an average man?
a. 4-6
b. 40-60
c. 400-600
d. 4000-6000
e. 40,000-60,000

Answer 2

c. 400-600

The average testis in an adult man has between 400 and 600 seminiferous tubules.

Question 3

3.
Which of the following are produced by the Leydig cells?
a. Inhibin
b. Androgen binding protein
c. Testosterone
d. Both a and b
e. All of the above

Answer 3

c. Testosterone

Sertoli cells produce inhibin and androgen-binding protein. The interstitial cells of Leydig produce testosterone.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT considered part of the male genital duct system?
a. Rete testis
b. Tubuli recti
c. Seminal vesicles
d. Ductus deferens
e. Ductus epididymidis

Answer 4

c. Seminal vesicles

The male genital duct system contains: rete testes, tubuli recti, ductuli efferentes, ductus epididymidis, and ductus deferens. The male accessory glands contain the bulbourethral glands, seminal vesicles, and prostate.

Question 5

5.
What is the surface modification seen on the cells of the epididymis?
a. Microvilli
b. Stereocilia
c. Cilia
d. Keratinization
e. Both a and b

Answer 5

b. Stereocilia

Microvilli are the finger like projections seen on the surface of some cells. The appearance of microvilli form what is also called the brush border or striated border.

Stereocilia are very long microvilli. Stereocilia are seen in the epididymis and the hair cells of the ear.

Keratinization is seen in the epidermis. Cells in the stratum corneum are essentially just bags of keratin.

Question 6

6.
What type of hormone is testosterone?
a. Protein
b. Amino acid chain
c. Steroid
d. Catecholamine
e. None of the above

Answer 6

c. Steroid

Hormones can have a variety of structures. Hormones which are proteins include insulin and prolactin. Peptide chains are short chains of amino acids. Examples of hormones which are peptide chains are antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin. Steroid hormones are cholesterol derivatives. Steroid hormones include testosterone and estradiol. Norepinephrine and epinephrine are catecholamines.

Question 7

Which of the following is true?
a. There is one corpus cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum
b. There is one corpus cavernosa and two corpora spongiosum
c. There are two corpora cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum
d. There are two corpora cavernosa and two corpora spongiosum
e. There are four corpora cavernosa and two corpora spongiosum

Answer 7

c. There are two corpora cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum

The corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum are erectile tissue. There are two corpora cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum.

Question 8

8.
What gland in the male is homologous to the greater vestibular gland in the female?
a. Bartholin’s gland
b. Prostate gland
c. Skene’s gland
d. Cowper’s gland
e. Brunner’s gland

Answer 8

d. Cowper’s gland

The prostate gland is found in males.

Skene’s glands are also called the lesser vestibular glands and are found in females.

The bulbourethral glands are also called Cowper’s glands. The bulbourethral glands are found in males and are homologous to the Bartholin’s glands in females.

Brunner’s glands are found in the duodenum.

Question 9

9.
What is the most commonly seen type of epithelium in the prostate?
a. Transitional
b. Simple columnar
c. Stratified squamous
d. Simple squamous
e. Simple cuboidal

Answer 9

b. Simple columnar

The glandular epithelium of the prostate is most often simple columnar, however a variety of types can be found.

Question 10

10.
What type of epithelium lines the epididymis?
a. Pseudostratified
b. Simple columnar
c. Stratified squamous
d. Simple squamous
e. Simple cuboidal

Answer 10

a. Pseudostratified

Pseudostratified epithelium lines the epididymis.

Question 11

1.
Which cells are directly involved in spermatogenesis?
a. Interstitial cells
b. Leydig cells
c. Sertoli cells
d. Sustentacular cells
e. Both c and d

Answer 11

e. Both c and d

Leydig cells produce testosterone. These are also called “interstitial cells” or “interstitial cells of Leydig”. Sertoli cells are directly involved in spermatogenesis. They are also called “sustentacular cells” or “nurse cells”.

Question 12

2.
Which of the following are produced by the Sertoli cells?
a. Inhibin
b. Androgen binding protein
c. Testosterone
d. Both a and b
e. All of the above

Answer 12

d. Both a and b

Sertoli cells produce inhibin and androgen-binding protein. The interstitial cells of Leydig produce testosterone.

Question 13

3.
Which of the following is NOT considered an accessory gland?
a. Prostate
b. Bulbourethral gland
c. Seminal vesicles
d. Ductus deferens
e. None of the above

Answer 13

d. Ductus deferens

The male genital duct system contains: rete testes, tubuli recti, ductuli efferentes, ductus epididymidis, and ductus deferens. The male accessory glands contain the bulbourethral glands, seminal vesicles, and prostate.

Question 14

4.
What is another term for a bulbourethral gland?
a. Bartholin’s gland
b. Prostate gland
c. Skene’s gland
d. Cowper’s gland
e. Brunner’s gland

Answer 14

d. Cowper’s gland

Bartholin’s glands are also called the greater vestibular glands. Bartholin’s glands are found in females and are homologous to the bulbourethral glands in males.

The prostate gland is found in males.

Skene’s glands are also called the lesser vestibular glands and are found in females.

The bulbourethral glands are also called Cowper’s glands. The bulbourethral glands are found in males and are homologous to the Bartholin’s glands in females.

Brunner’s glands are found in the duodenum.

Question 15

5.
What are the spherical structures seen in some prostatic alveoli called?
a. Psammoma bodies
b. Corpora arenacea
c. Hassall’s corpuscles
d. Prostatic concretions
e. Pacinian corpuscles

Answer 15

d. Prostatic concretions

Psammoma bodies are collections of calcium. It is derived from the Greek word “psammos”, which means sand.

Corpora arenacea refers to the calcifications seen in the pineal gland. Corpora arenacea is nicknamed “brain sand”.

Hassall’s corpuscles are the ring like structures found in the thymus.

The spherical structures seen in some prostatic alveoli are called prostatic concretions.

Pacinian corpuscles are pressure receptors in the skin.

Question 16

6.
What type of epithelium lines the seminal vesicles?
a. Pseudostratified
b. Simple columnar
c. Stratified squamous
d. Simple squamous
e. Simple cuboidal

Answer 16

a. Pseudostratified

Pseudostratified epithelium lines the seminal vesicles.

Question 17

7.
What type of epithelium lines the vas deferens?
a. Pseudostratified
b. Simple columnar
c. Stratified squamous
d. Simple squamous
e. Simple cuboidal

Answer 17

a. Pseudostratified

Pseudostratified epithelium lines the vas deferens.

Question 18

What type of gland composes the prostate?
a. Simple straight tubular gland
b. Simple coiled tubular gland
c. Simple alveolar gland
d. Compound tubular gland
e. Compound tubuloalveolar gland

Answer 18

e. Compound tubuloalveolar gland

A gland that has a duct that does not branch is called a simple gland. If the duct
branches, it is referred to as a compound gland.

If the the part of the gland which secretes elements is shaped like a tube, it is
referred to as a tubular gland. If the ending of the tube is flasklike, it is
tubuloalveoler. If the part of the gland which secretes elements is shaped like a flask, it is referred to as acinar or alveolar.

The prostate is made of compound tuboloalveolar glands.

Question 19

9.
What is the stroma of the prostate?
a. Loose irregular connective tissue
b. Smooth muscle
c. Fibromuscular
d. Adipose tissue
e. Dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 19

c. Fibromuscular

The glands of the prostate lie in a fibromuscular stroma. It is also referred to as a fibroelastic stroma. There are bundles of smooth muscle within dense irregular connective tissue.

Question 20

10.
How many layers of smooth muscle are in the vas deferens?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5

Answer 20

c. 3

There are three layers of smooth muscle in the vas deferens. There is an inner longitudinal, a middle circular, and an outer longitudinal.

Question 21

1.
How many corpora cavernosa are there?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5

Answer 21

b. 2

The corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum are erectile tissue. There are two corpora cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum.

Histology hint from Sarah Bellham: The word “corpora” is plural; “corpus” is singular. It is derived from the Latin word meaning “body”.

Question 22

2.
Which one of the following are the earliest cells of spermatogenesis?
a. Primary spermatocytes
b. Secondary spermatocytes
c. Spermatids
d. Spermatozoa
e. Spermatogonia

Answer 22

e. Spermatogonia

The earliest cells of spermatogenesis are spermatogonia; these are primitive cells. The primary spermatocyte is derived from spermatogonia. This then develops into secondary spermatocytes . The secondary spermatocyte is haploid. These develop into spermatids. The mature sperm cell is spermatozoa.

Question 23

3.
Which cells are also called “nurse cells”?
a. Interstitial cells
b. Leydig cells
c. Sertoli cells
d. Sustentacular cells
e. Both c and d

Answer 23

e. Both c and d

Leydig cells produce testosterone. These are also called “interstitial cells” or “interstitial cells of Leydig”. Sertoli cells are directly involved in spermatogenesis. They are also called “sustentacular cells” or “nurse cells”.

Question 24

4.
When do the testes descend into the scrotum?
a. Fetal development
b. Infancy
c. Puberty
d. Adulthood
e. During arousal

Answer 24

a. Fetal development

The testes develop in the abdominal cavity. During fetal development, they descend to the scrotum.

Question 25

5.
Which is the largest accessory structure of the male reproductive system
a. Epididymis
b. Prostate
c. Seminal vesicle
d. Bulbourethral gland
e. Cowper’s gland

Answer 25

b. Prostate

The prostate is the largest accessory structure of the male reproductive system.

Question 26

6.
What is the capsule that surrounds the testes?
a. Tunica adventitia
b. Tunica externa
c. Tunica media
d. Tunica intima
e. Tunica albuginea

Answer 26

e. Tunica albuginea

The tunica albuginea is the thick capsule around each testis.

Question 27

7.
What is the “cap”at the anterior portion of a spermatazoon?

a. Head
b. Tail
c. Acrosome
d. End piece
e. Middle piece

Answer 27

c. Acrosome

The acrosome is the “cap” at the anterior portion of a spermatozoon.

Question 28

8.
What is another term for the corpus cavernosum urethrae?
a. Corpora cavernosa
b. Corpus spongiosum
c. Urethra
d. Corpus cavernosum clitoridis
e Erectile tissue

Answer 28

b. Corpus spongiosum

The corpus spongiosum is also called the corpus cavernosum urethrae. The corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum are erectile tissue. The corpus cavernosum clitoridis is in the female. The urethra is a muscular tube that runs from the bladder. It transports both urine and semen.

Question 29

9.
How many corpus spongiosum are there?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5

Answer 29

a. 1

The corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum are erectile tissue. There are two corpora cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum.

Histology hint from Sarah Bellham: The word “corpora” is plural; “corpus” is singular. It is derived from the Latin word meaning “body”.

Question 30

10.
What is the mature sperm cell?
a. Primary spermatocytes
b. Secondary spermatocytes
c. Spermatids
d. Spermatozoa
e. Spermatogonia

Answer 30

d. Spermatozoa

The earliest cells of spermatogenesis are spermatogonia; these are primitive cells. The primary spermatocyte is derived from spermatogonia. This then develops into secondary spermatocytes . The secondary spermatocyte is haploid. These develop into spermatids. The mature sperm cell is spermatozoa.