HistoryC6Tier

Question 1

Mercenaries

Answer 1

hired soldiers

Question 2

Hessians

Answer 2

German mercenaries hired by the British to fight in the American Revolution

Question 3

Molly Pitcher

Answer 3

Mary Ludwig Hayes McCauley - carried water pitchers to soldiers during battle

Question 4

General William Howe

Answer 4

British commander at the beginning of the Revolution. Won the Battle of Long Island, but failed to carry out the over all war strategy and was replaced.

Question 5

Nathan Hale

Answer 5

teacher from Connecticut; American spy, hung when caught by the British

Question 6

Britsh War Plan

Answer 6

capture American coastal cities; divide New England from the rest of the colonies

Question 7

Battle of Philadelphia

Answer 7

forced the Continental Congress to flee and create a new capital in York, Pa.

Question 8

Benedict Arnold

Answer 8

helped win American victories early in the war in New York; eventually switched sides and rejoined the British

Question 9

General Horatio Gates

Answer 9

Blocked the British march toward Albany; won the Battle of Saratoga

Question 10

Battle of Saratoga

Answer 10

important victory for the Americans early on, helped convince the French to give aid to America

Question 11

Battle of Trenton

Answer 11

the “silent Christmas crossing” when Washington’s troops suprised the British in New Jersey and won a much needed victory to help keep support for the war

Question 12

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 12

ambassador to France, helped negotiate a treaty with France for money, troops and Frederich Von Stueben

Question 13

Bernardo de Galvez

Answer 13

Spanish governor of Louisiana who raised an army to help fight the British in Florida and along the Mississippi

Question 14

Valley Forge

Answer 14

encampment where Continental Army got much needed training and learned to fight like a professional army though they experienced a lot of hardship

Question 15

Marquis de Lafayette

Answer 15

French immigrant who became a trusted aide of General Washington

Question 16

Friedrich von Stueben

Answer 16

army officer who trained and drilled the Continental Army; wrote a training manual for the Army

Question 17

Juan de Miralles

Answer 17

Spanish ambassador to US; got Spain to loan money to Continental Congress

Question 18

inflation

Answer 18

economic situation where it takes more money to buy the same amount of goods

Question 19

Abigail Adams

Answer 19

John Adams wife; stood up for women’s rights by writing letters to her husband

Question 20

Joseph Brant

Answer 20

Mowhawk chief who sided with the British; led several raids on New York settlements along the frontier

Question 21

George Rogers Clark

Answer 21

lieutenant in the Virginia militia that helped win the battle of Vincennes in Indiana

Question 22

blockade

Answer 22

preventing ships from exiting or entering ports

Question 23

privateers

Answer 23

privatley owned merchant ships with weapons

Question 24

John Paul Jones

Answer 24

American naval officer who raided British ships

Question 25

General Charles Cornwallis

Answer 25

British General in the South; captured Charles Town, but ultimatley surrendured at Yorktown giving victory to the United States

Question 26

guerilla warfare

Answer 26

hit-and-run technique of war

Question 27

Francis Marion

Answer 27

the swamp fox”; led the South Carolina militia’s guerilla war in the South
Nathanael Greene replaced Gates as the commander of American forces in the South, split his army in two and won significant battles agains the British in the South (Cowpens)
Battle of Yorktown final battle of the war; Americans won with the assistance of the French navy
Treaty of Paris (1783) Great Britain recognized the United States as an independent nation, British promised to withdraw troops, gave America territory up to the Mississippi River; America promised to repay war debts
Newburgh Conspiracy soldier uprising resulting from Congress’ refusal to pay soldiers money owed; Washington convinced Congress to pay the soldiers