HistoryC6S3 Flashcards

1
Q

test

Which side of the American Revolution had more Native American allies?

A

the British

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2
Q

Why did more Native Americans side with the British than the Americans?

A

The natives saw the British as less of a threat to their land.

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3
Q

Who was Joseph Brant?

A

a Mohawk chief

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4
Q

Which side did the Mohawk tribe side with?

A

the British

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5
Q

What did the Native Americans help the British attack?

A

American settlements west of the Appalachian Mountains

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6
Q

Who was the British commander at Detroit?

A

Henry Hamilton

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7
Q

What was Henry Hamilton’s nickname?

A

the hair buyer

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8
Q

Why was Henry Hamilton called the hair buyer?

A

He paid the Native Americans for settler’s scalps

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9
Q

What leader went to end the British and Native American attacks on western settlers?

A

George Rogers Clark

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10
Q

What two British positions did George Rogers Clark capture in the frontier?

A

a post at Kaskaskia in Illinois and the town of Vincennes in Indiana

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11
Q

What other Native American tribe helped the British?

A

the Cherokee

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12
Q

What did Great Britain’s navy help them do?

A

prevent ships from entering or leaving American ports, which kept supplies and reinforcements from the colonial army

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13
Q

What was the problem with the American navy?

A

they did not have enough ships and were to weak to fight the well-armed British

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14
Q

What did Congress do to make up for their weak navy?

A

authorized privateering

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15
Q

Why was it easy to find privateers?

A

it was a very profitable trade

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16
Q

What American naval officer raided British ports?

A

John Paul Jones

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17
Q

What was Britain’s new strategy in the Revolution?

A

start in the South, which had more loyalists, and build a strong and quick offense

18
Q

What was the worst American defeat in the Revolution?

A

the loss of Charles Town

19
Q

Who lead the British siege of Charles Town?

A

General Henry Clinton

20
Q

When was Charles Town lost?

A

May 1780

21
Q

Who was put in charge of the British forces in the South after Clinton left?

A

General Charles Cornwallis

22
Q

Who lead the American forces to fight the British in the South?

A

General Horatio Gates

23
Q

Who won the Battle of Camden?

A

the British

24
Q

What problem did the British face after the Battle of Camden?

A

They could not control all the land that they had conquered to do the colonists’ guerrilla warfare

25
Q

What is guerrilla warfare?

A

military technique in which insurgents surprise their enemy with a quick attack and then escape without many losses

26
Q

Who was Francis Marion?

A

a colonial leader who launched many successful guerrilla attacks on the British

27
Q

Where did Francis Marion operate from?

A

the swamps of eastern South Carolina

28
Q

What was Francis Marion known as?

A

the Swamp Fox

29
Q

Who was Bernando de Gálvez?

A

governor of Louisiana in New Spain

30
Q

What did Bernando de Gálvez do?

A

help the colonists buy lending money, opening New Orleans, and sending supplies and ammunition up the Mississippi

31
Q

When did Spain declare war on Britian?

A

summer of 1779

32
Q

What did Bernando de Gálvez do after Spain formally declared war on Britain?

A

raise an army and attacked several British positions along the lower Mississippi

33
Q

What were the benefits of the help from New Spain?

A

allowed supplies to come from Spain, France, Cuba, and Mexico and secured the western borders of the colonies

34
Q

Why did Southerners start to support the fight for independence?

A

After the Patriot victory at Kings Mountains, they wanted the war to end so their houses and farmland would be be preserved.

35
Q

Who was Nathanael Greene?

A

the replacement commander for the continental forces in the South

36
Q

What was Nathanael Greene’s strategy?

A

He split the army in two and send one part to defeat the British at Cowpens, while the other section went to join Marion with the guerrilla raids

37
Q

What caused the British to abandon their fight in Carolina?

A

Cornwallis’s army was heavily weakened at Guilford Courthouse

38
Q

What success did Cornwallis have after their losses at Guilford Courthouse?

A

they raided Virginia and nearly captured Thomas Jefferson and the Virginia legislature

39
Q

Who did Washington send to fight Cornwallis near the end of the fight for the South?

A

Lafayette and Anthony Wayne

40
Q

Where did Cornwallis set up camp?

A

Yorktown, on the Virginia coast