HistoryC5Dstrn

Question 1

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 1

Passed by Parliament which prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains

Question 2

Reasons for the Proclamation of 1763

Answer 2

To avoid conflict with Native Americans on the frontier; to keep the colonists near the east coast for trading; to allow Britain to control the fur trade in the frontier

Question 3

Problem with winning the French and Indian War

Answer 3

Britain was left with a huge debt from the French and Indian War and needed revenue to pay off the debt. Britain issued new taxes on the colonies to pay off this debt.

Question 4

Writs of Assistance

Answer 4

Legal documents allowing customs officers to enter any location to search for smuggled goods (similar to search warrants)

Question 5

Reason for the Writs of Assistance

Answer 5

Colonial merchants were smuggling goods to avoid paying high prices and taxes to Britain.

Question 6

Sugar Act

Answer 6

Law passed by Parliament which lowered the tax on imported molasses to convince colonists to pay the tax instead of smuggling and allowed officers to seize smuggled goods without going to court.

Question 7

Taxation Without Representation

Answer 7

Parliament taxed colonists without their consent or representation in Parliament

Question 8

Violation of rights as English citizens

Answer 8

Colonists were angry because the acts violated their rights to be secure in their homes and a trial by jury.

Question 9

Stamp Act

Answer 9

Tax on almost all printed material including newspapers, wills, playing cards. All printed material had to have an official stamp on it once the tax was paid.

Question 10

Samuel Adams

Answer 10

Started the Boston Sons of Liberty group that formed to protest the Stamp Act.

Question 11

Sons of Liberty

Answer 11

Groups that formed in the colonies to protest the acts passed by Parliament. Burned effigies and destroyed houses of royal officials.

Question 12

Effigies

Answer 12

Rag figures representing tax collectors that were burned to protest the unfair acts passed by Parliament.

Question 13

Stamp Act Congress

Answer 13

Representatives (delegates) from 9 colonies met in New York to protest the stamp act together. They drafted a petition to the king and Parliament declaring the colonies could not be taxes except by their own assemblies.

Question 14

Boycott

Answer 14

Colonists refused to buy (British goods) as an act of protest against the acts passed by Parliament

Question 15

Nonimportation agreements

Answer 15

Pledges signed by colonial merchants stating they would not buy or use goods imported from Britain. Hurt the British merchants because they were losing business.

Question 16

Repeal

Answer 16

To cancel or take back

Question 17

Declaratory Act

Answer 17

Passed by Parliament the same day the Stamp Act was repealed. Stated that Parliament had the right to tax and make decisions for the British colonies in all cases.

Question 18

Townshend Acts

Answer 18

Set of laws passed by Parliament applying tax to imported goods such as glass, tea, and paper with the tax being paid at the port of entry.

Question 19

Redcoats

Answer 19

Nickname given to British soldiers who occupied Boston due to the threat of rebellion by the colonists.

Question 20

Boston Massacre

Answer 20

Fight between Bostonians and British soldiers in front of the customhouse (where British taxes were collected) due to the increasing tension between colonists and opposition to the laws passed on them by Parliament.

Question 21

Result of the Boston Massacre

Answer 21

5 colonists were shot and killed. The event was used as propaganda to rally opposition to the British presence in Boston and the colonies.

Question 22

Propaganda

Answer 22

Information used to influence public opinion. Ex. Paul Revere’s Patriot engraving of the Boston Massacre showing troops firing on an orderly crowd.

Question 23

Committees of Correspondence

Answer 23

Organization revived by Samuel Adams to protest the acts passed by Parliament. Wrote grievances and complaints against Britain to spread news around the colonies and later sent out calls for volunteers to join the militias.

Question 24

Tea Act

Answer 24

Law allowing the British East Indian Company to have sole control, a monopoly, of the trade for tea in America. Let the company sell tea directly to shopkeepers and bypass colonial merchants who normally distributed the tea.

Question 25

Resistance to the Tea Act

Answer 25

Colonists forced ships carrying tea to turn back to England at several colonial ports like New York and Philadelphia. At Boston, the ships stayed resulting in the Boston Tea Party.

Question 26

Boston Tea Party

Answer 26

The Boston Sons of Liberty organized the event to protest the Tea Act. Men disguised as Native Americans boarded three ships carrying tea from Britain and threw 342 chests overboard into Boston Harbor.

Question 27

Intolerable Acts

Answer 27

Also known as the Coercive Acts. Harsh laws passed by Parliament intended to punish the people of Massachusetts for their resistance to British law and isolate Boston. Closed Boston Harbor until the Massachusetts colonists paid for the ruined tea. Banned most town meetings in New England. Forced Bostonians to shelter soldiers in their own homes.

Question 28

Colonial response to the Intolerable Acts

Answer 28

Colonists believed the acts violated their rights as British citizens and the other colonies sent food and clothing to support Boston.

Question 29

Coercive Acts

Answer 29

Also known as the Intolerable Acts. Harsh laws passed by Parliament intended to punish the people of Massachusetts for their resistance to British law and isolate Boston. Closed Boston Harbor until the Massachusetts colonists paid for the ruined tea. Banned most town meetings in New England. Forced Bostonians to shelter soldiers in their own homes.

Question 30

1st Continental Congress

Answer 30

Meeting of 55 delegates from all colonies (except Georgia) in Philadelphia to establish a political body to represent American interests and challenge British control. Drafted a statement calling for the repeal of 13 acts of Parliament believing the laws violated the principles of English constitution and their rights as British citizens. Voted to boycott British trade all together. Also asked the colonists to arm themselves against the British.

Question 31

Patrick Henry

Answer 31

Outspoken defender of colonial rights who attended the Continental Congress. Stated that he is not a Virginian, but an American to show the colonies should come together.

Question 32

Militias

Answer 32

Groups of citizen soldiers formed in the colonies.

Question 33

Minutemen

Answer 33

groups of militias who boasted they would be ready to fight in a minute’s notice

Question 34

Boston, Massachusetts

Answer 34

Town in the New England colonies showing the most acts of resistance to the laws passed by Parliament. Thousands of British troops occupied the city as a result.

Question 35

Lexington, Massachusetts

Answer 35

Location where the British troops met 70 minutemen who were alerted by Revere and Dawes. A shot was fired and after an exchange of bullets, 8 minutemen lay dead.

Question 36

Concord, Massachusetts

Answer 36

Location where a colonial arsenal of weapons was located. The weapons were moved before the British arrived. Shots were exchanged at Concord’s North Bridge to trigger the British retreat back to Boston.

Question 37

British retreat back to Boston

Answer 37

Colonial militia lined the road from Concord to Boston, MA. As the British marched down the road, the militia fired and the British troops suffered over 200 casualties.

Question 38

Paul Revere

Answer 38

Well-known Patriot for creating the engraving of the Boston massacre and member of the Boston Sons of Liberty who rode to Lexington, Massachusetts to alert the militia the British troops were on the move.

Question 39

William Dawes

Answer 39

Member of the Boston Sons of Liberty who rode to Lexington, Massachusetts to alert the militia the British troops were on the move with Paul Revere.

Question 40

Shot heard ‘round the world

Answer 40

First shot fired of the Revolutionary War at Lexington, MA. It is unknown which side fired the first shot.

Question 41

Battle of Bunker Hill

Answer 41

Battle fought on Breed’s Hill overlooking Boston. The British charged up the hill two times and were held off until the Americans ran out of ammunition during the British’s third charge up. It was a British victory but they suffered heavy casualties.

Question 42

Significance of the Battle of Bunker Hill

Answer 42

The British learned that defeating the Americans would not be quick or easy.

Question 43

Loyalists

Answer 43

Colonists who chose to remain loyal to Britain because they did not consider unfair taxes and regulations good reasons for rebellion.

Question 44

Patriots

Answer 44

Colonists who supported the war for independence believing the British rule was unbearable.

Question 45

2nd Continental Congress

Answer 45

Meeting of delegates from the colonies in Philadelphia who began to govern the colonies. Authorized the printing of money, set up a post office, established committees to communicate with Native Americans and other countries, and created the Continental Army.

Question 46

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 46

Attended the Second Continental Congress and served on the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence.

Question 47

John Hancock

Answer 47

Wealthy merchant who funded many Patriot groups in Boston like the Sons of Liberty. Chosen as president of the 2nd Continental Congress.

Question 48

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 48

Representative from Virginia to the 2nd Continental Congress. Main author of the Declaration of Independence using the idea that people were born with certain natural rights.

Question 49

Continental Army

Answer 49

Created by the 2nd Continental Congress to fight against Britain in a more organized way than colonial militias could.

Question 50

Problems with the Continental Army

Answer 50

Men lacked discipline, organization, and leadership

Question 51

George Washington

Answer 51

Chosen unanimously by the 2nd Continental Congress to become the commander of the Continental Army.

Question 52

Olive Branch Petition

Answer 52

Formal request sent by the 2nd Continental Congress to King George III of England. It assured the king of the colonist’s desire for peace and asked him to protest the colonists’ rights. The king refused to receive the petition and instead prepared for war.

Question 53

Thomas Paine

Answer 53

Published a pamphlet, Common Sense, calling for complete independence. Helped to influence opinion throughout the colonies.

Question 54

Declaration of Independence

Answer 54

Document drafted by a committee of 5 members of the 2nd Continental Congress. Stated the colonists’ rights as citizens, problems with British rule over the colonies and that they were now a separate nation.

Question 55

07/04/76

Answer 55

Date the Declaration of Independence was approved by the 2nd Continental Congress.

Question 56

Preamble

Answer 56

Introduction to the Declaration of Independence stating that people who wish to form a new country should explain why.

Question 57

Declaration of Rights

Answer 57

Part of the Declaration of Independence stating the rights the colonists believed they should have.

Question 58

Grievances against the King and Parliament

Answer 58

Part of the Declaration of Independence stating the complaints the colonists have against Britain such as imposing taxes on the colonists without their consent.

Question 59

Resolution of Independence

Answer 59

Part of the Declaration of Independence proclaiming the existence of the United States of America as a new nation.