C5 Basic Knowledge

Question 1

revenue

Answer 1

Incoming money; what Britain needed to pay for the expense of the French and Indian war

Question 2

resolution

Answer 2

a formal expression of opinion; the Virginia assembly passed a resolution that they were the only ones allowed to tax their people

Question 3

boycott

Answer 3

an organised refusal to buy certain goods; what many colonists did to British and European goods

Question 4

repeal

Answer 4

cancel; what Parliament did to the Stamp Act after much colonial protest

Question 5

writs of assistance

Answer 5

1767; legal documents that allowed customs officers to enter any place to search for smuggled goods

Question 6

effigy

Answer 6

rag figures; created representing tax collectors and then burned by Sons of Liberty groups in protest of the Stamp Act

Question 7

non-importation

Answer 7

agreements in which merchants pledged not to buy or use goods imported from Britain

Question 8

Stamp Act

Answer 8

a law passed in 1765 by Pariliament that placed a tax on nearly all printed materials, such as newspapers, wills, and playing cards; all printed materials required a stamp, was applied by a British official after the tax was paid

Question 9

Patrick Henry

Answer 9

a member of the Virginia House of Burgessess who persuaded its members to take action against the Stamp Act, lead to a resolution by the assembly

Question 10

Samuel Adams

Answer 10

helped start the Sons of Liberty group in Boston to protest the Stamp Act

Question 11

propoganda

Answer 11

information made to influence public opinion; the colonial leaders used the Boston Massacre as this

Question 12

committee of correspondence

Answer 12

an organization used in early protests against the British taxes; reformed by Samuel Adams in 1772

Question 13

Stamp Act Congress

Answer 13

October 1765; delegates from nine colonies met in New York and drafted a petition to the king and Parliament declaring that only the colonial assemblies would tax the colonists

Question 14

Crispus Attucks

Answer 14

the first to die in the Boston Massacre; a part African, part Native American dockworker; became a symbol of the injustice felt around the event

Question 15

Boston Massacre

Answer 15

a violent encounter between a mob of colonists and British soldiers on March 5th, 1770; resulted in the death of five colonists and the wounding of

Question 16

Tea Act

Answer 16

an act passed by Parliament in 1773 to save the East India Company; gave them a monopoly over tea trade in America; let them sell directly to shopkeepers and bypass colonial merchants

Question 17

Boston Tea Party

Answer 17

December 16th, 1773; a response by the Boston Sons of Liberty to the royal governor’s order to unload three ships of tea; men disguised as Mohawks boarded the ships nad threw 342 chests of tea overboard

Question 18

George III

Answer 18

the King of England; realized that Britain was losing control over the colonies and declared “we must master them or totally leave them alone”

Question 19

Coercive Acts

Answer 19

harsh laws intended to punish Massachusetts for resisting the British rule; closed Boston Harbor until the colonists paid for the ruined tea, banned town meetings in New England, forced Bostonians to shelter soldiers; caused other colonies to sent food and clothing to Boston; known as the Intolerable Acts by the colonists

Question 20

Quebec Act

Answer 20

set up a government for Quebec and gave it the area west of the Appalachians and north of the Ohio River, ignoring colonial claims there

Question 21

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 21

set the Appalachain mountains as a temporary Western boundary for the colonists; angered colonists who owened land in these parts

Question 22

militia

Answer 22

groups of civilians trained to fight in emergencies; formed around the colonies to fight British rule

Question 23

minutemen

Answer 23

name of militia members who were known for rapidly arriving to duty

Question 24

Loyalist

Answer 24

those who wished for the colonists to remain under the rule of Great Britain; known as Torys

Question 25

Patriot

Answer 25

those who wished for the colonists to declare independence from Great Britain; known as Whigs

Question 26

First Continental Congress

Answer 26

September 1774; 55 delegates from all colonies except Georgia met in Philadelphia; formed to represent colonial interests and challenge British rule; drafted a statement that asked for the repeal of 13 acts from Parliament that they believed had violated natural laws; voted to boycott British trade; endorsed Suffolk Resolves calling for the people to arm themselves against the British, lead to the formation of miltias

Question 27

John Adams

Answer 27

a lawyer from Massachusetts sent to the First and Second Continental Congresses with his cousin Samuel Adams

Question 28

John Jay

Answer 28

a lawyer from New York sent to the First and Second Continental Congresses

Question 29

Richard Henry Lee

Answer 29

a delagate from Viriginia at the second Continental Congress; proposed that the colonies declare total independence from Great Britain

Question 30

George Washington

Answer 30

unanimously chosen to lead the Continental Army after John Adams recommended him

Question 31

Paul Revere

Answer 31

a member of the Sons of Liberty, who was alerted to the British troops on April 18th, 1775 by Dr. Joseph Warren; rode through the countryside with William Dawes to alert Samuel Adams and John Hancock that the British were coming to Lexington and Concord

Question 32

petition

Answer 32

formal request; Olive Branch petition sent to George III

Question 33

preamble

Answer 33

introduction; states that those who wish to create a new country should explain their reasons for doing so

Question 34

Second Continental Congress

Answer 34

assembled for the first time on May 10th, 1775; took a year before it decleared independence; started to govern the colonies during that time; authorized printing of money and set up a post office under Benjamin Franklin; established committees to communicate with Native Americans and other countries; created the Continental Army to fight against the British

Question 35

Continental Amry

Answer 35

created by the Second Continental Congress; George Washington was unanimously chosen to lead the Continental Army after John Adams recommended him

Question 36

Olive Branch Petition

Answer 36

sent to George III after Washington left to take charge of the forces in Boston; told the king that the colonists wished to keep peace and asked for protection of their rights; George III responded by hiring 30,000 German troops to aid his soldiers

Question 37

Thomas Paine

Answer 37

a political activitist during the American Revolution, pulbished Common Sense

Question 38

Common Sense

Answer 38

a bold pamplet published by Thomas Paine in 1776 than called for complete independence and greatly influenced colonial thinking

Question 39

Declaration of Independence

Answer 39

after the second continental congress voted on Lee’s resolution for independence on July 2nd, 1776, Congress approved the Declaration on July 5th, 1776; 56 delegates signed (starting with John Hancock); has four sections: preamble, Declaration of Natural Rights, List of Grievances, Resolution of Independence by the United States

Question 40

List all majors events leading up to the Declaration of Independence in order.

Answer 40

Proclamation of 1763, Sugar Act, Stamp act, Stamp Act Congress, Stamp Act repeal, writs of assistance, Townshend Acts, Boston Massacre, committees of correspondence, Tea Act, Boston Tea Party, Coercive (Intolerable) Acts, Quebec Act, First Continental Congress, Paul Revere’s ride, Lexington and Concord, Battle of Bunker Hill, Second CC, Washington chosen as leader, Olive Branch Petition, Common Sense published, Declaration of Independence

Question 41

Townshend Acts

Answer 41

1767; taxes on imported goods such as glass, tea, and paper

Question 42

Sugar Act

Answer 42

passed in 1764; lowered the import tax on molasses in the hopes that colonists would pay instead of smuggling and let officers seize smuggled goods without going to court