History and regulation Flashcards
True or false: Prior to 1920 rats were more commonly used than mice in biomedical research.
True
In regards to DBA mice what does DBA stand for?
Dilute Brown non-Agouti
The NIH intramural program was created as part of the _____ ______ Act.
Social Security Act, which allotted $2M for the study of rat sanitation
True or false: Post WWII there was a decrease in independent campus animal programs in response to the surging economy.
False, explosive increase in independent campus animal programs
Variablility in housing, food sources, caging, sanitation, ventilation/temperature, and animal care resulted in what 2 major drawbacks?
Animal health concerns Inability to repeat results
In 1947, this code was adopted to define what constituted legitimate medical research in response to unethical scientific experimentation on human subjects.
Nuremburg Code (following the Nuremburg or Doctors’ Trial)
In 1964, this document was adopted as the official policy document of the World Medical Association.
Declaration of Helsinki
What are the last names of the “chicago Five” who founded the Animal Care Panel?
Brewer, Bond, Flynn, Cohen, SChroeder
In 1953 this organization associated with National Academy of Sciences was formed.
Institute for Laboratory Animal Research
What year was ACLAM formally established?
1957 (but not actually “ACLAM” until name change in 1961)
Which lab animal organization puts out “The Guide”?
ILAR
The Animal Care Panel become what organization in 1967?
AALAS
What law first declared that care for laboratory animals must be provided under the care of a veterinarian?
Laboratory Animal Welfare Act
The Aimal Welfare Act does not cover which species?
Mice, rats, birds
Who is Peter Singer?
Author of “Animal Liberation” and Animal Rights movement founder in the US
What significant and sometimes conficting regulation changes (law/policy passages and amendments) occurred in 1985?
Guide revised US Govt Principles for Utilization & Care of Vertebrate Animals in Testing, Research, and Training (IRAC) Policy on the HUmane Care and Use of Lab Animals (OPRR- OLAW) Congress passed the Health Research Extension Act (Public Law 99-158) AWA amended (Public Law 99-198)
What is the title of the person with ultimate responsibility for animal care and use compliance?
Instution Official
A momorandum of understanding exists between what 3 US institutions?
FDA, NIH, APHIS
Name this person
Dr Nathan Brewer
______ _______ refers to the scientific study of animals, usually in the laboratory, for the purpose of gaining new biomedical knowledge or solving specific medical, veterinary, dental, or biological problems.
Animal experimentation
______ ______ _____ is the application of veterinary medicine and animal science to the acquisition of laboratory animals and to their managment, nutrition, breeding, and diseases
Laboratory animal care
____ ____ is the study of the nature, cause and cure of abnormal structure and function in people, animals and plants for the eventual application to and benefit of all living things.
Comparative medicine
_____ _____ ____ is the body of scientific and technicial information, knowledge, and skills that bears on both lab animal care and medicine
Laboratory animal science
Living in 304-250 BC this person was likely the first to perform experiments on living animals and established that the trachea and lungs were pneumatic organs
Erasistratus
