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Bordeaux ML > History > Flashcards

History Flashcards

1
Q

First written reference to wines of Bordeaux from whom?

A

Ausonius (310-393 AD)

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2
Q

Bordeaux place name used by the Greeks and Romans

A

Burdigala

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3
Q

Ancient vine mentioned by Pliny the Elder

A

Biturica

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4
Q

Which tribe invaded and occupied Bordeaux for 100 years after fall of Rome?

A

The Visigoths

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5
Q

By the 12th century Bordeaux made mostly red wine. True or false?

A

True

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6
Q

Who married who in 1152?

A

Eleanor of Aquitaine married Henry Plantagenet

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7
Q

Eleanor of Aquitaine and Henry Plantagenet married in what year?

A

1152

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8
Q

Eleanor of Aquitaine annulled her marriage with who to marry Henry Plantagenet?

A

French King Louis VII

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9
Q

Eleanor and Henry supposedly drank what on their wedding day?

A

Ch d’Issan

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10
Q

Henry Plantagenet became King Henry __ of England

A

II

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11
Q

Hundred Years War years

A

1337-1453

116 years

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12
Q

Ships departing Bordeaux port were exempt from what? Why?

A 
Grand coutume (export tax)
In-land port
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13
Q

Middle Ages: ship journey from Bordeaux to UK took how long?

A

15 days

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14
Q

1306-1307: How much Bordeaux shipped to UK?

A

900,000 hectolitres

24 million gallons

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15
Q

225L barrique size regulation introduced in what year?

A

1854

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16
Q

1 tonneau/ton = ____ pipes or butts

A

2 pipes or butts

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17
Q

1 pipe = ___ barriques

A

2 barriques

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18
Q

1 barrique = ___ cases of wine

A

25 cases

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19
Q

1 barrique = ___ litres

A

225 litres

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20
Q

Tonneau still in use in what region?

A

Alsace

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21
Q

Haut-Pays encompassed which 4 regions?

A

Gaillac
Bergerac
Quercy (Cahors)
Nérac (Buzet)

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22
Q

What was the Bordeaux Privilege?

A

Bordelais prohibited arrival of wines from Haut Pays from 8th September to 11th November. Sometimes 25th December. Protectionist measure which ensured healthy Bordeaux sales when English fleet arrived to collect wine for Christmas

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23
Q

How did Haut Pays get around the Bordeaux Privilege?

A

Sailing down the Dordogne (entering Gironde below Bordeaux jurisdiction)
Sailing down Garonne to St Macaire, off loading and hauling to Bergerac and completing journey from there via the Dordogne

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24
Q

Name the Earl of Shrewsbury who died in the battle of Castillon

A

John Talbot

Chateau Talbot

25
Q

Name the two forts built by French crown after hundred years war (derisive names given by Bordelais)

A

Chateau Trompette

Chateau du Ha

26
Q

What 2 styles of wine did the Dutch want?

A

Sweet whites for drinking

Dry whites for distillation

27
Q

3 impacts Dutch had on Bordeaux?

A

White wines (sweet and dry for EAU de vie)
Drainage
Sulphur dioxide

28
Q

Haut Brion constructed in what century?

A

1600s

29
Q

Bordeaux Privilege rescinded in what year?

A

1776

30
Q

Wine shipped in corked bottles for the first time in what century?

A

1700s

31
Q

Name the 480km long man made waterway connecting Bordeaux to the Mediterranean

A

Canal du Midi

Completed in 1775

32
Q

French Revolution in what year

A

1789

33
Q

Napoleonic era what years

A

1799-1815

34
Q

19th century: France built what connecting Bordeaux with other big cities?

A

Railroad

35
Q

Which Napoleon for 1855?

A

Napoleon III

36
Q

Oidium (powdery mildew) hit in what year

A

1852

37
Q

What cure was found for oidium (powdery mildew)?

A

Sulfur

38
Q

French ties with English re-established after what event?

A

Napoleon III coup d’etat

December 1852

39
Q

Powdery mildew (oidium) is a fungal disease native to where?

A

North America

40
Q

What does powdery mildew (oidium) do?

A 
Blankets the vine with thick white filaments
Reduces yields 
Affects pigmentation
Affects size of grape
Off flavours
41
Q

Downy mildew aka

A

Peronospera

42
Q

Phylloxera arrived in what year

A

1865

43
Q

Peronospera aka

A

Downy mildew

44
Q

What does downy mildew (peronospera) do?

A 
Fungus disease
Germinates in warm humid weather
Attacks leaves and stems with "oil spots"
Then white cotton filaments
Vine loses leaves
Delay ripening or prevent ripening

Vine loses leaves!

45
Q

AOC plans interrupted by

A

World War I

46
Q

Co-op wineries entered Bordeaux scene after what event

A

World War I

47
Q

Who is the father of the AOC system

A

Joseph Capus

48
Q

Joseph Capus aka the father of what

A

AOC system

49
Q

Bordeaux AOCs delineated in what year

A

1935

50
Q

Name of Bordeaux’s Weinführer

A

Heinz Bömers

51
Q

Heinz Bömers’ family had owned which chateau prior to World War I

A

Smith Haut Lafitte

52
Q

Weinführer Heinz Bömers supposedly labelled vin ordinaire as what for Hermann Göring?

A

Mouton Rothschild

53
Q

Winter freeze of what year killed 1/4 of Bordeaux vines

A

1956

54
Q

Cité du Vin opened in what year

A

2016

55
Q

Total Bordeaux vineyard size

A

110,800 ha

56
Q

Bordeaux produces __% of all AOC wine in France

A

25%

57
Q

Bordeaux made a UNESCO World heritage site in what year

A

2007

58
Q

How many times has French government left Paris and moved to Bordeaux?

A

Three times
1870
1914
1940

Bordeaux ML (16 decks)

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