Historical Perspectives & Intro Flashcards
Who was the Father of Microbiology, the first to view muscle strait ions, and dramatically improved the microscope?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Who wrote various Anatomy treaties (textbooks) and influenced Western medicine for two millennia?
Claudius Galenus
Who is the Father or Modern Chemistry and measured oxygen consumption during foot treadle exercise?
Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier
Who shared the Nobel Prize for medicine for muscle metabolism/heat production during work, distinguished between anaerobic and aerobic exercise, and defined VO2 max & steady state?
Archibald Hill
Who established Harvard Fatigue Lab and acid-based regulation of blood?
Lawrence Henderson
Who was a founding member and director of HFL, has > 300 publications, and published the first Ex. Phys. textbook “Life, Heat, & Attitude”?
David Dill
Who published first studies on aging and founded the Human Physiology Lab @ Indiana?
Sid Robinson
Who promoted positive influence of physical activity/aerobics on health?
Thomas Cureton Jr.
Who studied both aging & nerve conduction (EMG)?
Herbert De Vries
Organizational Strategies: What is the order of organization most relevant to humans?
Subatomic Particles->Atoms->Molecules->Cells
->Organs->Organisms
Biological Control: What is Homeostasis?
Maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment (also referred to as Rest)
Biological Control: What is maintenance of a constant or unchanging physiological variable that has a balance between demands placed on the body & it’s responses (exercise)?
Steady-State (also referred to a ‘Sustain’)
What are the components of Fitness?
Muscular Strength Muscular Endurance Cardiorespiratory Endurance Body Composition Flexibility
What are the components of Performance?
Balance
Agility
Power
Speed
Training Effects: What are Acute Responses?
How the body responds to an individual bout of physical activity
Training Effects: What are Chronic Adaptations?
How the body responds over time to the stress of repeated bouts of exercise
Training Effects: What is Baseline Effect dependent upon, and how do highly trained athletes differ from someone who has never exercised regarding this term?
Depends upon the starting point of your training and how much training will affect you relative to the starting point;
Highly trained athletes won’t respond near as much
Training Effects: _____________ in response to physical performance are relative to the ______ (type) of exercise training. To maintain specificity of testing, the proper ____________ must be used.
Adaptations; Mode; Ergometer
Individual Responses: What is the term that establishes boundaries with respect to training and where/what percent is this with respect to Nature/Nurture?
Genetics; the middle 50% of Nature/Nurture
What is the Placebo Effect?
A simulated medical intervention that can produce a perceived (or actual) improvement.
Expectations of a substance determines the body’s response.
What did four weeks of a placebo for steroids result in?
Demonstrated significant improvements in strength in previously trained men
On a Table, what do the X-Axis and Y-Axis represent?
X-Axis = Independent Variable Y-Axis = Dependent Variable
