Aerobic Metabolism Energy System (System 3) Flashcards
True or False: Humans store very much O2 in the body.
False
The amount of O2 consumed is ____________ to the amount of ATP utilized.
Proportional
Is caloric expenditure direct/indirect?
Indirect
What can be said about exercise intensity and pulmonary ventilation as pulmonary function increases?
Both increase
What can be said about PaO2 (arterial oxygen pressure) and intracellular pressure as exercise increases?
Both decrease
What can be said about PvO2 (venous O2 content) as O2 is used in the muscle?
PvO2 falls in proportion
What is Muscle Oxidative Capacity?
The ability to oxidize fuel from O2
What is Muscle Oxidative Capacity directly proportional to?
Krebs Cycle enzyme activity
What is the key in Muscle Oxidative Capacity?
O2 use & the given enzyme being activated
What can be said about the following with oxygen supply & exercise in relation to pressure within the muscles regarding: A) Mitochondria B) PO2 @ low/moderate exercise intensity C) PO2 @ 50% exercise intensity D) Aerobic/Anaerobic
A) Require minimal O2 pressure above 1 tarr to maintain full function.
B) Falls dramatically
C) Stays relatively stable above 3 tarr
D) Never completely anaerobic
System 3a is also referred to as:
Krebs Cycle
Describe what happens during the Krebs Cycle.
H+ released, converting Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA
Enzyme cascade for complete oxidation of Acetyl-CoA
Combines with coenzymes
H+ are “shuttled” to e- Transport Chain for ATP production
Where does the Krebs Cycle occur?
In the Mitochondria
What two sources of energy are needed to convert Acetyl-CoA into ATP?
Fats & Carbs
True or False: All CO2 you make comes before you make O2.
True
For every three H+ that go through the e- Transport Chain, how many ATP are made?
1 ATP
How many additional H+ are used to transport ATP?
1 H+
Describe Oxidative Phosphoylation.
Starts In Cytosol:
Glycogensis breaks 6C molecule CHO (Glycogen) into Glucose-6-Phosphate
Glucose-6-Phosphate breaks down via Glycolysis and produces 3 ATP/moves H+ to e- Transport Chain
Within the Mitochondria:
After Glycolysis, 3C remain and create Pyruvic Acid which converts to Acetyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA moves H+ to e- Transport Chain
Acetyl-CoA goes through the Krebs Cycle and produces 2 ATP
Krebs Cycle also produces one CO2 and one H+ moved to e- Transport Chain
e- Transport Chain:
The “shuttled” H+ enter inner Mitochondrial membrane, split into e- that combine with O2 to form H20
e- create a total of 34 ATP
What compound is the final e- acceptor?
Oxygen
What does ROS stand for?
Reactive Oxygen Specie
What does the “proton shuttling” in the e- Transport Chain?
Mitochondria Membrane
In the e- Transport Chain, what are pumped through the respiratory complexes I, III, and VI?
Protons
What is the result of proton shuttling?
An electrochemical proton gradient across inner membrane
What does UCP stand for, and do they generate ATP or regulate physiological processes?
UCP = Proton Leak Pathways; Regulate physiological process such as nonshivering thermogenisis
During oxidation of carbohydrates, describe what happens to each of the following:
A) Glycogen
B) Glucose
C) # of ATP utilized to transport protons
D) # of ATP yield
A) Glycogen can generate 39 ATP molecules
B) Glucose gives 38 ATP during conversion to Glucose-6-Phosphate
C) 6 ATP to transport protons
D) 32 Total ATP yield
How many kcal’s of energy are released during:
A) Hydrolysis releasing 1 ATP
B) Aerobic Metabolism of 1 Glucose molecule fully metabolized
A) 7.3 kcal of energy
B) 686 kcal of energy
