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CSA SR > histoloy of dentine and pulp e lec > Flashcards

histoloy of dentine and pulp e lec Flashcards

1
Q

how can dentine be studied

A

in both ground sections and demineralised sections

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2
Q

what are ground sections

A

where the mineral is retained and the section is unstained

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3
Q

what are demineralised sections

A

where the mineral is removed and the section is stained

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4
Q

how can pulp be studied

A

only in demineralised sections

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5
Q

what is a characteristic feature of dentine

A

the dentinal tubules which run from the pulp to the outer dentinal surfaces

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6
Q

what do the tubules contain

A

contain fluid and odontoblasts

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7
Q

what shape do the dentinal tubules follow

A

they follow an S shape called the primary curvature

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8
Q

what is on top of the primary curvature

A

the secondary curvature is superimposed on the top of the primary curvature

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9
Q

what does the secondary curvature look like

A

more frequent and small wave like deviations

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10
Q

what might happen to the tubules

A

the tubules might be branched

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11
Q

where is branching more evident

A

it is evident at the ADJ especially under the enamel in the tooth crown

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12
Q

why does interglobular dentine form

A

arises due to incomplete fusion of calcospherites

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13
Q

what is the mineral front as

A

dentine is laid down and mineralised

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14
Q

what does the fusion trap do

A

it traps areas of poorly mineralised dentine in the form of arches which reflect the spherical nature of the calcospherites

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15
Q

where can calcospherites be seen visibly

A

at the mineralisation front of forming dentine

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16
Q

what can dentine be divided into

A

primary or secondary dentine

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17
Q

what dentine is found in circumpulpal dentine

A

primary dentine

secondary dentine

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18
Q

which is the first dentine laid down adjacent to the ADJ

A

mantle dentine

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19
Q

how are the collagen fibres arranged in the mantle dentine

A

they are located perpendicular to the ADJ

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20
Q

where do the collagen fibres in the mantle dentine arise from

A

some people think it arises from sub odontoblastic mesenchyme origin and not odontoblasts

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21
Q

where is the evidence that the collagen fibres come from sub odontoblastic mesenchyme

A

from von korff fibres which are evident when to developing tooth is stained with silver

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22
Q

how do we see the von korff fibres

A

when the developing tooth is stained with silver

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23
Q

what lays down the basic shape of the dentine

A

primary dentine

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24
Q

what is primary dentine

A

it lays down the basic shape of the dentine

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25
Q

what happens once the tooth erupts

A

a slower rate of dentine production at the pulpal surface happens and the root is completed

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26
Q

what is the dentine called that is produced slowly after the tooth erupts

A

regular secondary dentine

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27
Q

what is the junction between the two types of dentine shown by

A

by a change in the direction of dentinal tubules

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28
Q

how do dentinal tubules pass through from the ADJ to the pulpal surface

A

by following a shape called the primary curvature

29
Q

what might happen in the ground section

A

some tubules might be black

30
Q

why might tubules be black

A

due to the fact that they are no longer filled with fluid and fill with debris

31
Q

what might the tubules look like in a carious area

A

the tubules might look black due to odontoblasts being affected and form dead tracts

32
Q

the pulp dentine interface is composed of from exterior to interior

A

mineralised dentine
pre-dentine (unmineralised except for the presence of calcospherites)
odontoblasts
cell free zone (of Weil)
cell rich zone
body of the pulp (a loose, vascular and well innervated connective tissue)

33
Q

what is predentine

A

it is the collagenous matrix before mineralisation

34
Q

what lies between the mineralised layer and odontoblast layer

A

a layer of predentine

35
Q

what is the cell responsible for forming dentine

A

odontoblasts

36
Q

how is dentine formed

A

initially predentine is formed

which is then mineralised by calcospherites

37
Q

what projects into the dentinal tubule

A

a process from the distal end of the cell

38
Q

what happens to pulp size as dentine mineralises

A

becomes smaller

39
Q

why does the pulp reduce is size

A

due to the dentine pseudostratified

40
Q

what happens to the cell count as dentine production continues

A

the cell count decreases as dentine goes from primary dentine to regular secondary dentine

41
Q

what does the odontoblast layer contain

A

capillary loops

unmyelinated nerve fibres

42
Q

where do capillary loops and unmyelinated nerve fibres orginate from

A

sub odontoblastic plexus

43
Q

what are calcospherites

A

small isolated globular structures which fuse with predentine to form mineralised dentine at the mineralisation front

44
Q

where does the cell free zone lie

A

below the odontoblast layer

45
Q

what is the H&E stain

A

hematoxin and eosin stain

46
Q

is the cell free zone real

A

many people think its artefactual due to shrinkage of the pulp layer away from the odontoblast layer

47
Q

what does the cell rich zone have

A

a high amount of cell nuclei

48
Q

what does the body of the pulp contain

A

the loose connective tissues

49
Q

what is the predominant cell type

A

fibroblasts

50
Q

what other cells nmight be present

A

macrophages

51
Q

what is also located in sub odontoblastic layers

A

undifferentiated mesenchyme

52
Q

the pulp also has

A

nerves and capillary loops which also supply the odontoblast layer

53
Q

where do nerves and capillaries enter the pulp from

A

the apical foramen

54
Q

where do the nerves have endings

A

between odontoblasts and within the dentinal tubules

55
Q

what might happen to the capillaries

A

they may become fenestrated

56
Q

why does the lesion in the dentine spread wider than the enamel

A

due to the way the enamel prisms around the fissure and lie adjacent to the ADJ

57
Q

why does sclerotic dentine arise

A

due to the dentinal tubules being completely occluded by peritubular dentine by odontoblasts

58
Q

why does peritubular dentine get deposited

A

as a againg process or as a reactionary process( defensive process) in a response to the overlying carious lesion

59
Q

when does the defensive process occur

A

if the lesion develops slowly which allows the dentinal tubules to fill slowly with peritubular dentine

60
Q

what is a dead tract

A

if the dentinal tubules cannot allow for this form of defence they retract and the tubule is empty and leads to the formation of a dead tract

61
Q

why does a dead tract occur

A

if the odontoblast cannot mount a defence it will withdraw the processes and form a dead tract. the dead tract can fill with debris and air during the grinding process and appears black

62
Q

what will happen if the odontoblast cell is still alive

A

it will try to seal the pupal end of the dentinal tubule with reparative dentine

63
Q

what happens if the odontoblast cells are dead

A

cells like sub odontoblastic cells produce a bone like material

64
Q

when is reparative dentine put down

A

reparative dentine is put down when the odontoblasts make an attempt

65
Q

what else is reparative dentine called

A

irregular secondary dentine

66
Q

what is reactionary dentine

A

it is when extant odontoblast cells lie down reparative dentine

67
Q

what should reparative dentine be reserved for

A

when the odontoblast cells have died and subodontoblastic cells replace them and lie down reparative dentine

68
Q

what does reparative dentine not have

A

it does not have dentinal tubules

CSA SR (52 decks)

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