Calculus Flashcards
to review development and clinical significance of calculus distinguish between supra and sub calc in terms of location distribution formation anf composition appearance morphology describe diagnosis clinical significance
what is the definition of calculus
mineralised plaque ,calcified/calcifying deposits attached to the surface of teeth or other solid structures in the cavity
what is the location of supraginigval calculus
located coronal to the gingival margin
what is the distribution of supragingival calc
distributed near the opening of salivary ducts such as the UL/UR6, lower anteriors
what is the location of subgingival calculus
located apical to the gingival margin
what is the distribution of subginigval calculus
can be located anywhere in the mouth
How does plaque formation help calculus form
plaque formation precedes calculus formation and provides an organic matrix
what minerals are derived from saliva for supragingival calc
calcium and phosphate
where are minerals derived from for supraginigval calc
saliva
where are minerals derived from for subginigval calc
GCF(gingival crevicular fluid)
which crystals are found in supragingival calc
hydroxyapatite, octacalcium phosphate, brushite(new supra)
what crystals are found in subgingival calc
magnesium whitlockite
what shape are crystals in supragingival calc
small needle shaped, large ribbon shaped
what size are subg crystals
small crystals
calcification mechanisms
epitactic and booster
how does calculus form
it forms due to small crystals appear in the inter microbial matrix and the matrix between microorganisms becomes calcified and mineralised.
what is the mineral content of saliva by volume
37%
where is fluoride distribution more regular
in subgingival calc
what is the mineral content of GCF by volume
58%
what is the growth like of subgingival calc
more homogenous calcification, slow growth, less filamentous
what is the growth of of supraginigval calc
more filamentous, faster
what is the appearance of supra calc like
creamy white, yellow may be stained in smokers
which minerals are less proportion in supragingival calc than in subginigval calc
Ca,Mg,F,Sr,Zn
which minerals are greater proportion in supraginigval calc than subginigval
carbonate and Mn
what is the appearance of subginigval calc
darker,brownish could be black
what is the morphology of supra calc like
it is usually amorphous ( doesnt have a distinguised shape)
what is the morphology of sub calc
crushy,spiny,nodular ledge or ring formation thin,smooth veneers finger and fern like islands or spots supra can also be ontop of sub sometimes
why can RSD be difficult sometimes
due to the spiny, nodular and crusty deposits which might be difficult to clean effectively
what is the diagnosis of supragingival calc
location
colour
rough feeling
dry with 3-in-1 and will be chalky
diagnosis of subgingival calc
location
deposit colour
WHO 621 probe
visible following recession or attachment loss
papilla dark red colour- check with WHO probe
grey shadow under ginigva- check with WHO probe
radiography
what is the probing force we should use
20-25g
what is the size of the ball end on the WHO 621
0.5mm
what instruments are used for RSD
SGC 11/12
SGC 13/14
vision curette
