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JMP Y2S1 > Histology S1 > Flashcards

Histology S1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does a good blood smear look like?

A

Monolayer

RBC display normal more pale centres

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2
Q

What are some histological features of lymphocytes?

A

Very large darkly stained (purple) nuclei
Almost no cytoplasm
6-15uM in diameter

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3
Q

What are some histological features of monocytes?

A

Single nuclei –> sometimes horseshoe shaped

Large cytoplasm with pale granules

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4
Q

What is the name for a bone marrow tissue biopsy?

A

Bone marrow trephine

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5
Q

What are the small canals called in bone marrow and what are they made from?

A

Sinusoids

Made from endothelial cells

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6
Q

What do adipocytes look like in bone marrow?

A

Yellow marrow –> increase with age

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7
Q

What are the zones for RBC production in bone marrow?

A

Erythroblastic islets

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8
Q

What are some histological features of a neutrophil?

A 
Multilobed nucleus (2-5 lobes)
Granular cytoplasm
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9
Q

What are some histological features of eosinophils?

A

Bi-lobed nucleus
Highly granular
Dark pink cytoplasm

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10
Q

What are some histological features of Basophils?

A

Bi-lobed
Nucleus obscured by cytoplasm
Highly granular dark purple/blue cytoplasm

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11
Q

What do platelets look like histologically?

A

Round/oval
Darkly stained –> often clumped
Very small (little specs)

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12
Q

Where can Hassall’s corpuscles be found?

A

Thymus –> look like a large glob (not purple stained like other surrounding cells

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13
Q

What are the layers of the thymus?

A

Capsule
Outer cortex
Middle cortex
Medulla

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14
Q

What does the spleen look like histologically?

A

Very dense

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15
Q

What does white pulp and red pulp look like in the spleen?

A

White pulp –> area around small paler with blue rings looking circles embedded in the tissue
Red pulp –> other tissue in spleen

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16
Q

What is the role of white pulp in the spleen?

A

Contains B and T lymphocytes and can send them into the red pulp

17
Q

What is the three main layers of the lymph nodes and what do they look like?

A

Capsule –> thin
Cortex –> dark purple tissue
Medulla –> whiter colour

18
Q

How does infant thymus compare to adult thymus?

A

Infant –> highly organised looking not much adipose

Adult –> lots of adipose not very organised

19
Q

What does a lymph node follicle look like with H&E stain?

A

Round circle full of cells (darker edges)

Surrounded by other cells

20
Q

What does a lymph node follicle look like with a B cell marker vs a T cell marker?

A

B cell –> mainly in the circle

T cell –> surrounding the circle

21
Q

What is MALT or GALT?

A

MALT –> Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (gastro, resp, genital)
GALT –> Gut associated lymphoid tissue

22
Q

What is the largest section of lymphoid tissue in the gut?

A

Payer’s patches in the mucosa of the ilium

looks like a large lump of dark purple cells (huge)

23
Q

What is a synarthroses?

A

A joint with little or no movement eg adult skull bone

24
Q

What is a Diarthroses?

A

Joint that permits free bone movement (2 bones held in place by a joint capsule with synovial fluid etc)

25
Q

What does hyaline cartilage look like?

A

Bubbles in jelly

26
Q

What does fibrocartilage look like?

A

Alternating layers of hyaline cartilage with thick layers of dense collagen
In areas –> intervertebral discs, and the pubic symphysis
Kind of looks a little like smooth muscles but closer together

27
Q

What does elastic cartilage look like?

A

Really dense near chondrocytes –> can be stained in black

In areas like external ear, epiglottis etc

28
Q

What does active vs inactive cartilage look like?

A

Inactive –> smooth border between white and pink

Active –> not smooth –> more cellular at border

29
Q

What does cervical spinal transections look like?

A

Large
Dorsal and ventral horns look like a butterfly being pulled apart
Oval

30
Q

What does the thoracic spine transection look like?

A

Small looking dorsal and ventral horns

Circular

31
Q

What does the lumbar spine transection look like?

A

Rectangular looking ventral horns

Circular

32
Q

What does the sacral spine transection look like?

A

Very large dorsal and ventral horn (very much like a butterfly)
Lots of external cells and dots
Very small and circular

33
Q

What does the cerebellum look like histologically?

A

Like seaweed

34
Q

What are the axons that are an output for the cerebellum?

A

Purkinje cells

35
Q

What are the layers of the cerebellum?

A

Molecular layer
Granular cell layer
Purkinje layer

36
Q

What do astrocytes look like histologically?

A

Highly branched little starfish

JMP Y2S1 (24 decks)

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