Histology - Organisation of Cellls into tissues and organs

Question 1

3 salivary glands

Answer 1

parotid
sumandibular
sublingual

Question 2

for GI, outline the 4 major layers

Answer 2

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis Externa
Serosa/Adventitia

Question 3

3 things which make up the mucosa of GI tract

Answer 3

epithelium 
lamina propria (connective) 
muscularis Mucosae (smooth)

Question 4

purpose of submucosa

Answer 4

connective tissue (loose)

Question 5

where are the inner circular and outer longlitudinal layers of GI tract found

Answer 5

muscularis externa

Question 6

purpose of serosa

Answer 6

outer connective tissue, suspends tract or attaches to other organs

Question 7

4 areas where non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium are found (protective mucosa)

Answer 7

oral cavity (partially)
pharynx
oesophagus
anal canal

Question 8

outline absorptive cells of the small intestine

Answer 8

simple columnar epithelium with villi and tubular glands

Question 9

simple columnar epithelium with extensive tubular glands are ….
where are these found

Answer 9

secretory mucosa

stomach

Question 10

outline large intestines (protective and absorptive)

Answer 10

simple columnar epithelium with tubular glands

Question 11

where in the GI tract is the outer longlitudinal smooth muscle not continues

Answer 11

large intestine

instead found in 3 muscular strips called teniae coli

Question 12

where is the digestive tract nervous tissue located

Answer 12

ganglia between 2 muscle layers of muscularis externa

Question 13

outline the layers fouund in the trachea

Answer 13

resp epithelium
lamina propria
seromucous gland
hyaline cartilage

Question 14

other than size, what differs between bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 14

bronchi - hyaline cartilage

bronchioles - mainly smooth muscle, no cartilage

Question 15

alveoli consists of (3)

Answer 15

simple squamous epithelium

Question 16

nephrons are located

Answer 16

in the kidneys

Question 17

where is insulin produced in the pancreas

Answer 17

islets of langerhans

Question 18

t/f red blood cells dont have a nucleus

Answer 18

true

Question 19

where are white blood cells stored

Answer 19

spleen

Question 20

function of red blood cells

Answer 20

gas exchange
carries o2
removes co2

Question 21

3 layers of arteries, and what they consist of

Answer 21

tunica intima - endothelium (simple squamous epithelium of blood vessels)
tunica media - smooth muscle
tunica adventitia - connective tissue

Question 22

arterioles do not have a tunica media layer t/

Answer 22

false

barely no tunica adventitia

Question 23

capillaries consist as 2 layers, what is found which gives it contractile properties

Answer 23

endothelial cells
basal lamina

pericytes

Question 24

capillaries can either be continues, fenestrated or sinusoidal, explain each and give examples of where they would b found

Answer 24

continuous - muscle, nerves,lung,skin

fenestrated - pores - gut mucosa, endocrine glands, kidney

sinusoidal - larger gaps, spleen, bone marrow

Question 25

venules contain

Answer 25

endothelium
lamina propria
thin smooth muscle layer
pericytes

Question 26

outline venous structure

Answer 26

tunica intima
think tunica media
few layers of smooth muscle, with larger veins having a tunica adventitia

Question 27

what is the basal lamina

Answer 27

think extracellular protein layer
found in basement of epithelium, surrounds muscle and nerve cells (PNS)
semi-permeable (convert blood - urine in kidneys)