Histology of the female repro system

Question 1

What are the 2 functions of the ovary ?

Answer 1

1. To produce gametes (termed oogenesis)
2. To produce steroids, mainly oestrogens & progestogens and inhibin

Question 2

Just prior to birth there is loss of oogonia & oocytes in a fetus by an apoptosis based process, what is it termed ?

Answer 2

Atresia

Question 3

If implantation occurs the placenta secretes what hormone and what is its purpose ?

Answer 3

HCG - this prevents degeneration of the corpus luteum for a time & ==> maintains progesterone levels, which in turn maintains pregnancy

Question 4

Describe the surface of the cervix histologically

Answer 4

• The cervix has a small lumen which projects into the upper vagina
• The cervix is mainly covered by stratified squamous epithelium on its vaginal surface, but transitions to mucous secreting simple columnar epithelium at the squamocolumnar junction. (known as the transition zone)

Question 5

What is important about the transition zone ?

Answer 5

It is a common site of dysplasia & neoplastic changes leading to cervical cancer