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GI > Histology of oral cavity, salivary glands etc > Flashcards

Histology of oral cavity, salivary glands etc Flashcards

1
Q

____ lines the oral cavity

A

Oral mucosa

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2
Q

Name the three types of oral mucosa, what they contain and where they are located

A

1) Masticatory mucosa- contains stratified squamous keratinized/Para-keratinized epithelium. Found in gums and hard palate
2) Specialized mucosa- contains lingual papillae. Found on dorsal surface of tongue
3) Lining mucosa: contains stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium. Found in the remaining parts of the oral cavity

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3
Q

Name the three regions of the lip

A

Cutaneous region, Vermillion region, & Oral mucosa region

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4
Q

_____ region is covered by thin skin with hair follicles, sweat glands and sebaceous glands

A

Cutaneous

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5
Q

Why is the vermillion region called the “red region”?

A

Due to the connective tissue containing blood vessels

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6
Q

True or false: There are no glands in the vermillion region so it becomes dry

A

True

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7
Q

____ region is the wet surface of the lip

A

oral mucosa region

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8
Q

The anterior 2/3 of the tongue consist of a core mass of _____ that is oriented in 3 directions: ___, ____, & ___.

A

skeletal muscle
longitudinal, transverse, & oblique

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9
Q

The posterior 1/3 (posterior to the sulcus terminalis)
displays the _____.

A

Lingual tonsils

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10
Q

The taste buds in the _____ papillae are only seen in the first 2 years of life and then disappear

A

Foliate

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11
Q

What are taste buds?

A

they appear as oval, pale-staining bodies that extend through the thickness of the epithelium

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12
Q

A small opening onto the epithelial surface at the apex
of the taste bud is called the _____

A

taste pore

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13
Q

Name the 3 principal cell types found in taste buds

A

gustatory cells, supporting cells , & basal cells

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14
Q

What is the function of basal cells?

A

Acts as the stem cells for the gustatory and supporting cells

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15
Q

What is the basic secretory unit of any salivary gland?

A

Salivon

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16
Q

What does salivon consist of?

A

Acinus, intercalated duct and excretory duct

17
Q

Acini are spherical, containing ____ cells (protein secreting); more tubular, containing ____ cells (mucin-secreting); or ____, with both types of cells

A

Serous, Mucus, Mixed

18
Q

What type of cells are present at the base of secretory cells?

A

Myoepithelial

19
Q

_____ cells have flat nucleus towards base of cell, appears columnar, has thick secretions and a large lumen

A

Mucus

20
Q

Secretion from acinus is drained by the ____ duct

A

Intercalated

21
Q

The intercalated duct merges into the ____ duct and finally into the ____ duct.

A

Striated & excretory

22
Q

Which acini does the parotid gland contain?

A

Serous (ONLY)

23
Q

Which acini does the submandibular gland contain?

A

Predominantly serous but also mucous/mixed acini

24
Q

What is alimentary canal composed of?

A

1) Mucosa
2) Submucosa
3) Muscularis Propria
4) Serosa/ Adventitia

25
Q

What makes up the mucosa membrane?

A

-Epithelial lining (E);
* Lamina propria (LP), a layer of of loose connective tissue rich in blood vessels, lymphatics, lymphocytes, smooth muscle cells,
and often containing small glands;
* Muscularis mucosae (MM), a thin layer of smooth muscle separating mucosa from submucosa and allowing local movements of the mucosa

26
Q

What does the submucosa contain?

A

It contains connective tissue with larger blood and lymph vessels and the submucosal (Meissner) plexus of autonomic nerves

27
Q

What does the musculosa/muscularis externa contain?

A

two layers of smooth muscle: internal sublayer- fiber is generally circular
-external sublayer - fiber is longitudinal

The connective tissue between the muscle sublayers contains blood and lymph vessels, as well as the myenteric (Auerbach) nerve plexus

28
Q

What does the serosa/ adventitia contain?

A

-Adventitia, a thin sheet of loose connective tissue, rich in blood vessels, lymphatics, and adipose tissue, and is continuous with that of surrounding tissues.
- Serosa, is similar to adventitia, but covered with a simple squamous covering epithelium (mesothelium)

29
Q

What happens if the nerve plexuses in the GI are absent/damaged?

A
  • Disturbance in the motility and dilations in some areas of the GIT
  • In diseases such as Hirschsprung disease, plexuses in the
    digestive tract’s enteric nervous system are absent or severely injured
30
Q

_____ is formed of many autonomic neurons interconnected by pre- and post-ganglionic nerve fibers

A

Nerve Plexus

31
Q

What are the 4 layers of the GI tract that are seen in the Esophagus

A

Mucosa, Submucosa, esophageal glands, and muscularis externa

32
Q

What happens at the esophagogastric junction?

A

Abrupt change in epithelium

33
Q

What secretes additional neutral mucus to protect the esophagus from regurgitated gastric contents?

A

esophageal cardiac glands

GI (12 decks)

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