Histology Of Muscle Flashcards

0
Q

If additional skeletal muscle cells are needed, what occurs

A

Satellite cells can differentiate into muscle cell

Can provide additional mayo nuclei to parent muscle cell

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1
Q

How does the skeletal muscle contract as a unit

A

Connective tissue collagen transmit mechanical forces across muscle

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2
Q

How do you identify skeletal muscle

A

Long, cylindrical, multinucleated that are located at periphery under sarcolemma
Striated
No branching

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3
Q

What is H zone, A&I band, sarcomere

A

H zone- just myosin
A band- whole myosin with overlapping actin
I band- Just actin
Sarcomere- between one z line and another

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4
Q

What is skeletal muscle type 1

A
Red oxidative 
Energy from aerobic oxidative phosphorylation 
Slow, continuous contractions 
Low glycolysis 
Less force
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5
Q

What is skeletal muscle type 2

A
White 
Anaerobic 
Glycolysis for energy 
Rapid contractions - a lot of force  
Fatigue easily
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6
Q

What does differentiation of types of muscles depend on

A

Freq. of motor innervation
Type of fibre of motor unit
Muscle conform morphology to innervating nerve fibre

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7
Q

Describe the organization of muscle

A

Endomysium/ sarcolemma over muscle fibre
Perimysium over fascicle
Epimysium over skeletal muscle

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8
Q

How do you identify cardiac muscle

A

Shorter cells
Branched
Irregularly shaped single central nucleus

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9
Q

Why can’t cardiac muscle regenerate

A

No satellite cells

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10
Q

What do the purkinje fibers do

A

Coordinate inherent cardiac rhythm

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11
Q

What do the intercalated discs do

A

Interface with adj muscle cells to retain structural integrity and ionic continuity

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12
Q

How is cardiac muscle vascularised

A

Endomysium rich in capillaries

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13
Q

How do you identify smooth muscle

A

Elongated central nucleus
No cross striations
Spindle shaped
No branching

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14
Q

Ho does concerted action occur in smooth muscle

A

Basal lamina and reticular fibers combine forces for concerted action

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15
Q

What are the different types of smooth muscle

A

Multi unit: each cell innervated. Contract independently

Unitary: only few cells innervated but all connected by gap junctions so contraction synchronized

16
Q

What are T tubules

A

Invagination a of sarcolemma
Encircle every myosin fibril near A-I band boundary of each sarcomere
Transverse across muscle
Next to sarcoplasmic reticulum which releases Ca2+