Histology of female reproductive tract Flashcards
structure of the ovary
inner medulla
outer cortex
what type of connective tissue in medulla
loose
what are the 2 layers of the ovarian cortex
tunica albuginea (outer, dense connective tissue) germinal epithelium (single layer of cuboidal cells)
what are oogonia
pre-mature female gametes
when are oogonia formed
week 6 of embryonic development
what is oogenesis
development of premature oogonia to mature oocytes
what is folliculogenesis
growth of the follicle
what at the 4 stages of follicular development
primordial follicle
primary follicle
secondary follicle
mature graafian follicle
histological hallmarks of primary follicle
cuboidal granulosa cells
enlarged oocyte
zona pellucida (between oocyte and granulosa began to form
histological hallmarks of secondary follicle
antrum develops and fills with follicular fluid in granulosa cell layer
function of theca folliculi on outside of follicles
secretes oestrogen precursors (these are turned to oestrogen by granulosa cells)
what happens to follicle after ovulation
turns into corpus luteum
what hormones are secreted by corpus luteum
progesterone (and some oestrogen)
what happens to corpus luteum if no implantation occurs
it becomes corpus albicans
if implantation occurs, what prevents degeneration of corpus luteum
HCG secreted by the placenta
what kind of epithelium is present in uterine tubes and why
ciliated
propels oocyte down tubes
most common place of fertilisation
ampulla
what kind of epithelium is in ampulla
single columnar epithelium with ciliated and secretory cells
surrounded by 2 layers of smooth muscle
how many layers of smooth muscle in the isthmus
3
what are the 3 layers of the uterus
endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium
what are the 2 layers of the endometrium
stratum functionalis
stratum basilis
what layer of endometrium is shed during menstruation
stratum functionalis
what hormone triggers stratum basilis to regenerate stratum functionalis
oestrogen
how is stratum functionalis shed
constriction of arterioles causing ischaemia and sloughing of tissue
components of myometrium
3 layers of smooth muscle
combined with elastic tissue and collagen
contains blood vessels
what kind of epithelium makes up the cervix
fibrous connective tissue
covered by stratified squamous epithelium on vaginal surface
transitions to columnar epithelium with secretory cells
what is the transition zone of the cervix a common site of
dysplasia
at the proliferative stage, what type of cervical musous is secreted
thin and watery
what type of cervical mucous is secreted post ovulation
thick and viscous
what are the 4 layers of the vagina
non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
lamina propria
fibromuscular layer
adventitia
what do commensal bacteria in vagina do
glycogen -> lactic acid
prevents growth of pathogenic bacteria
