ANATOMY Flashcards
boundaries of pelvic inlet
sacrum
ilium
superior pubic ramus
pubic symphysis
pelvic outlet boundaryes
pubic symphysis ischiopubic ramus ischial tuberosities sarcrotuberous ligaments coccyx
how are the ischial tuberosities palpated
vaginal exam at 4 and 8 oclock positions
where is inguinal ligament
between ASIS and pubic symphysis
what is located along inguinal ligament
inguinal lymph nodes
ligament between sacrum and ischial spine
sacrospinal ligament
ligament between sacrum and ichial tuberosities
sacrotuberous ligament
what ligament is bigger and more posterior - sacrospinous or sacrotuberous
sacrotubrous
what foramen dosacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments form
greater and lesser sciatic foramen
where is obturator membrane and what runs through it
between superior pubic ramus and ischopubic ramus
obturator nerve and vessels go through here in obturator canal
3 sutures of skull
coronal
sagittal
lamboid
what are the 2 areas between the sutures called
anterior and posterior fontanelles
what is moulding
movement of one bone over another allowing foetus to pass through pelvis
what is the vertex
diamond shaped area between anterior and posterior fontanelles and left and right parietal eminences
how should baby be lying when in pelvic cavity
facing right or left with head flexed
how should baby be lying in after pelvic cavity
occipitoposterior with extended head
what is the station
distance of foetal head from ischial spines
organs in pelvic cavity
bladder uterus fallopian tubes and ovaries rectum superior vagina
organs of perineum
inferior vagina
Bartholin’s glands
clitoris
labia
main muscle making up pelvic diaphragm
levator ani
pouches in female pelvis
rectouterine (pouch of douglas)
vesicouterine
how can fluid from pouch of douglas be drained
through posterior fornix of vagina
where does broad ligament attach
uterus to lateral walls and floor of pelvis
where does round ligament attach
proximally involved in broad ligament
lateral uterus to superficial female perineum (via deep inguinal ring)
what is round ligament
embryological remnant
where is uterosacral ligaments
superiorly and posteriorly from sides of cervix to middle of sacrum
when are uterosacral ligaments palpable
rectal exam
most common uterus position
anteverted and anteflexed
normal variation of uterus position
retroverted and retroflexed
areas of fallopian tubes
fimbrae
infundibulum
ampulla
isthmus
where do ovaries develop
posterior abdo wall move laterally (round ligament)
what is centre point of perineum
imaginary line between left and right ischial tuberosities
boundaries of urogenital triangle
pubic symphysis ischial tiberosities (centre point)
boundaries of anal triangle
ischial tuberosities (centre point) coccyx
what nerve supplies levator ani
nerve to levator ani (S3-S5)
what are muscles of perineum supplied by
pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
what is perineal body
bundles of cartilaginous and elastic tissue where perineal muscles attach to
where is perineal body
between vagina and anus
what is bartholins gland
on labia and may become enlarged in infection (Bartholin’s cyst)
what is mons pubis
anterior to pubic bone
covered in pubic
what ribs do breasts originate from
2-6
what muscles do breasts lie over
pec major and serratus anterior
what is the space called between deep fascia and breast tissue
retromammary space
where does majority of breast tissue drain to
ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes
these drain to supraclavicular nodes
where can inner quadrants drain to
parasternal nodes
where can lower inner quadrant drain to
abdominal
what else drains to axillary lymph nodes
arm - be careful with removal of lymph nodes, may cause lymphedema
what are the levels of node clearance explained in relevance to
pectoralis minor
level 1 lymph clearance
inferior and lateral to pec minor
level 2 lymph clearance
deep to pec minor
level 3 lymph clearance
media and superior to pec minor
