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Histology, cytology, hematology > Histology II: the inner ear > Flashcards

Histology II: the inner ear Flashcards

1
Q

The inner ear consists of what 2 main parts?

A

two labyrinthine compartments, one contained within the other:

Bony labyrinth
Membranous labyrinth

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2
Q

The bony labyrinth consists of what 3 connected structures?

A

the semicircular canals
vestibulae
the cochlea

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3
Q

The bony labyrinth is found within what bone?

A

the temporal bone

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4
Q

What are the semicircular canals?

A

three tiny, fluid-filled interconnected tubes that lie at right angles to each other and are vestibular organs for balance

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5
Q

What are the vestibulae of the inner ear?

A

the central part of the bony labyrinth behind the cochlea, and in front of the three semicircular canals

it contains utricle and sacculae of the membranous labyrinth.

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6
Q

What is the cochlea of the inner ear?

A

is a bony canal that runs spirally around its axis, is involved in hearing

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7
Q

Where is the membranous labyrinth found?

A

its suspended within the bony labyrinth

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8
Q

What divisions does the membranous labyrinth consist of?

A

The cochlear labyrinth
and
The vestibular labyrinth

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9
Q

The cochlear labyrinth includes what structure?

A

the cochlear duct

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10
Q

The vestibular labyrinth includes what structures?

A

semicircular ducts, utricle and saccule

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11
Q

What is the utricle of the membranous labyrinth?

A

is a component of the vestibular system found within the membranous labyrinth of the ear

detects motion in the horizontal plane

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12
Q

What are the sacculae of the membranous labyrinth?

A

is a bed of sensory cells found within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear

detects motion in the vertical plane

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13
Q

Name 3 types of sensory cells of the membranous labyrinth.

A

Cristae ampullaris
maculae
The spiral organ of Corti

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14
Q

Name 3 types of sensory cells of the membranous labyrinth.

A

Cristae ampullaris
Maculae
The spiral organ of Corti

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15
Q

Where can cristae ampullaris be found and what is their function?

A

are located in the membranous ampullae of the semicircular ducts.

the sensory organ of rotation, they sense angular acceleration and deceleration.

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16
Q

Where can the maculae be found and what is their function?

A

Two maculae, one in the utricle and the other in the saccule

sense the position of the head and its linear movement

17
Q

What is the spiral organ of Corti and where can it be found?

A

Also known as the spiral organ is found in the cochlear duct.

hearing organ/ sound receptor

18
Q

The Bony cochlear canal has what 2 parts?

A

scala vestibuli (vestibular duct) and scala tympani (tympanic duct)

19
Q

What are scala vestibuli and -tympani filled with?

A

perilymph

an extracellular fluid the ionic composition of which is comparable to that of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid.

20
Q

Where are scala vestibuli and -tympani found?

A

within the bony cochlear canal

21
Q

What is the cochlear duct (scala media)?

A

an endolymph-filled cavity located between the scala vestibuli (upper) and the scala tympani (lower) in the cochlea

22
Q

What separates the cochlear duct from the vestibular-?

A

the vestibular membrane (also known as Reissner’s membrane)

23
Q

What forms the outer wall of scala media?

A

Stria vascularis including the spiral ligament

24
Q

The tympanic wall of the cochlea is formed by?

A

Spiral bone plate/spiral limbus and basilar membrane, on which the Organ of Corti is located, altogether form the tympanic wall.

25
Q

The cochlea main 3 divisions?

A

scala vestibuli
scala media (cochlear duct)
scala tympani

26
Q

What is thickening of the spiral bone plate of the tympanic wall called?

A

the spiral limbus

27
Q

Where can the cochlear nerve be found?

A

runs in the axis of the cochlea

28
Q

What structure does the tectorial membrane belong to?

A

The organ of Corti

29
Q

Where does the tectorial membrane extend?

A

extends from the spiral limbus into the cochlear duct (scala media)

30
Q

What forms the base of the organ of Corti?

A

the basilar membrane of the cochlea

31
Q

The organ of corti contains what 5 cell types?

A

Sensory hair cells

The rest are supportive cells:
Border cells
Outer supportive cells
Phalangeal cells
Pillar cells
32
Q

What are transformed into waves of the perilymph within the inner ear?

A

the vibrations of the ossicles

33
Q

Where are sound vibrations sent onward from the perilymph?

A

they’re transmitted trough the vestibular membrane to the cochlear duct, which contains endolymph

34
Q

What initiates neuronal transduction for sound?

A

Movements of the stereocilia of the hair cells in the cochlear duct.

35
Q

Basic path for sound (name 6 steps).

A 
tympanic membrane 
ossicles
perilymph of the scala vestibuli and -tympani
endolymph of cochlear duct
stereocilia of organ of corti 
spiral ganglion

Histology, cytology, hematology (13 decks)

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