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Human Anatomy > Histology: epithelium > Flashcards

Histology: epithelium Flashcards

0
Q

Epithelial Tissue:

A

Covers exposed surfaces and lines body cavaties

Always a vascular (no blood vessels)

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1
Q

4 Basic Tissue Types:

A
  1. Epithelium
  2. Connective
  3. Muscle
  4. Nervous
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2
Q

Connective tissue:

A

Protects, supports and interconnects body parts and organs

Cells, protein fibers and ground substance

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3
Q

Muscular tissue:

A

Produces movement

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4
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Conducts impulses for internal communication.

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5
Q

Histology:

A

The study of microscopic tissues

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6
Q

3 types of cell junctions

A
  1. Tight
  2. Gap
  3. Desmosomes
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7
Q

Tight junctions

A

Fused by membranes- reduces ability of molecules to pass between them.
Encircles cells

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8
Q

Gap junctions:

A

Directly connected by cytoplasm- allows molecules, ions & electrical impulses to pass
Tunnel like

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9
Q

Desmosomes junctions

A

Button- like; binds cells together & act like an anchor
Only at stress points

Hemidesmosomes attach cell base to basement membrane (PAC man bite to connect)

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10
Q

4 characteristics of epithelial tissue

A
  1. Cellular
  2. Polar
  3. Basement membrane
    4.
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11
Q

3 ways to classify epithelial tissue

A
  1. # of layers
  2. Cell shape
  3. Surface
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12
Q

3 types of epithelial layered tissue

A
  1. Simple
  2. Stratified
  3. Pseudo stratified
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13
Q

Simple epithelial

A

One layer thick

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14
Q

Stratified epithelial:

A

More than one layer thick

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15
Q

Pseudo stratified:

A

Looks like many layers - but really only one layer. Look at basement membrane to identify these.

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16
Q

4 shapes of epithelia:

A
  1. Squamous
  2. Cuboidal
  3. Columnar
  4. Transitional
17
Q

Squamous

A

Flattened

18
Q

Cuboidal

A

Talk as wide

Round nucleus

19
Q

Columnar

A

Taller than wide

Elongated nucleus

20
Q

Transitional

A

Change shape from cuboidal to squamous Dome top

21
Q

4 surface modifications of epithelia:

A
  1. Cilia
  2. Micro villi
  3. Keratinization
  4. Goblet cells
22
Q

Cilia

A

Hair like on apical surface

23
Q

Micro villi

A

Finger like projects of plasma membrane

24
Q

Goblet cells

A

Shaped like a goblet- secrete mucus

25
Q

Keratinization:

A

Process where epithelial tissue loses it’s moisture– typically the top layer of skin
Keratinized: No nuclei, Lots of layers, Dry
Non Keratinized: Nuclei, lots of layers, moist

26
Q

Simple squamous

A

Air sacs in lungs

27
Q

Simple cuboidal

A

Kidney tubules

28
Q

Stratified squamous

A

Keratinzed: Epidermis of skin
NonKeratinized: Oral cavity
*lots of layers
*look at nuclei on top and work down :)

30
Q

Simple columnar

A

Ciliated: uterine tubes

Non Ciliated: GI tract

31
Q

Stratified cuboidal

A

Male uretha

*2-3 layers max

32
Q

Stratified columnar

A

Male uretha

  • no cilia
  • rare
  • 2-3 layers max
33
Q

Pseudo stratified

A

Make uretha

  • cilia
  • look at basement membrane to identify these :)
33
Q

How to name epithelial tissue

A

Include # of layers, cell shape

34
Q

Transitional

A

Bladder

*dome shaped @ top, bi-nucleated. round nuclei

35
Q

Adhering junction

A

Strengthening belt, passageway between cells

Red rover connection

36
Q

Keratin:

A

A fibrous protein- provides a protective barrier of epidermis skin.

37
Q

Glands:

A

Endocrine:(in)
Lacks ducts- molecules secreted stay within body

Exocrine:(out)
Ducts- secreted out into lumens

38
Q

Secretion methods:

A

Merocrine glands: small punts at a time

Holocrine glands: fill up & release all at once

Apocrine glands: medium release speed and refill speed

39
Q

Fibers of connective tissue

A

Collagen: strong, flexible, white

Elastic: coiled structure, stretches easy, yellow

Reticular: collagen protein subunit arranged differently, coated with glycoproteins

Human Anatomy (9 decks)

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