Cartilage & Bone Flashcards
Chondroblasts
Blasts=builders
Cells produce cartilage matrix
Cartilage:
Chondroblasts
Chondrocytes
Lacunae
Functions of cartilage: support soft tissues, provide a gliding articulate surface when two bones meet, provide a model for bone formation.
Chondrocytes:
Cytes=sit
Chondroblasts that have been encased in the matrix
Mature cartilage cells
Lacunae:
Small spaces in the cartilage occupied by Chondrocytes
Cartilage growth:
Interstitial growth: from within the cartilage
Fetus–> growth plates
Grows in All directions
Appositional growth: along the cartilages periphery
Tree rings
Bone:
Matrix of bone is rigid and sturdy due to the deposition of minerals in the matrix by calcification or mineralization
Metabolically active tissue
Functions of bone:
Support and protection
Movement
Hemopoiesis(making blood cells in red bone marrow)
Storage of minerals and energy reserved- yellow marrow
Classification of bone:
Long bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones
Long bones
Most common- most extremities
Cylindrical
Longer than wide
Ex: humerus femur metatarsals/ metacarpals etc
Short bones
Length~= to width (squarish/rectangularish)
Compact bone covers spongy bone
*mostly wrist and ankle
Carpals/tarsals
Flat bones
Flat thin surfaces
Rough parallel sides of of compact bone, w/internal layer of spongy bone
Ex: roof of skull scapulae sternum ribs
Irregular bones:
Elaborate complex shapes
Ex vertebrae ossa coxae ethmoid sphenoid
Osteoprogenitor cells:
“Bone grandparents” divide to produce another stem cell and a committed cell that becomes a osteoblast.
Located in the periosteum and endosteum
“Bone stem cell”
Osteoblasts
“Bone builders”
Secrete original bone matrix called osteoid- which hardens as a result if calcium salt deposition.
Differentiate into osteocytes.
Osteocytes:
Mature bone cells. Reside in lacunae.
Maintain bone matrix: detect mechanical stress on bone and communicate signals to osteoblasts about this stress.
