Histo/Phys of Follicular Development Flashcards
Dominant follicle during the periovulatory period:
- when does this period start?
- what is luteinization?
- LH surge does what do dominant follicle?
- progression to secondary follicles changes vascular supply?
- describe movement of follicle?
- what do they release?
Growing antral follicles:
- gamete
- competent to do what? (what has it synthesized)
- why does it not?
Endocrine function of corpus luteum:
- progesterone production by corpus luteum increases through and peaks at?
- estrogen transiently decreases due to?
- what is luteal hormonal output dependent on?
- what are the inner cells surrounding the oocyte?
- where are the gap and adhesion junctions?
- why is corona radiata released w/ oocyte?
Primordial follicle:
- role of granulosa cells
- role of AMH
- what is oocyte gamete within called?
- where does the oocyte arrest?
- endocrine function at this point
Primordial follicles are the earliest and simplest follicular structure in the ovariy. granulosa cells provide nutrients aa, na, pyruvate.
AMH restrains the development of too many primordial follicles.
gamete is called a primary oocyte and progresses through prophase over a 2 week period and arrests in the diplotene stage.
-its endocrine function is to release paracrine factors: does not produce ovarian steroid hormones at this point
LH surge causes primary oocyte to do what?
- what is extruded
- where does the secondary oocyte stop?
Growing preantral follicle:
- secondary follicle has what type of oocyte?
- what happens when 3-6 layers of granulosa form?
- once thecal layer forms, what is follicle called? how long does this take?
Luteal phase:
- corpus luteum enlarges by filling with what?
- what happens day 14 after ovulation?
- corpus albicans?
- what happens if fertilization occured?
- what are the labeled structures?
- type of follicle, type in physiology?
- antrum located within which layer?
- what does the antrum contain?
- status of zona granulosa, pellucida, oocyte
- what does the theca interna do at this point?
During the follicular phase, what is the major product of the follicle?
Estradiol
what is happening here?
granulosa cells thicken into charecteristic what?
during corpus hemorrhagicum blood from theca interna fills what?
- follicle presses up against wall of ovary creating?
- LH surge, how does it causes breakdown of follicle wall, TA, surface epithelium?
- antral cavity becomes continuous with?
Dominant Follicle:
Endocrine function of Granulosa cells
- what receptors?
- up regulate expression of what enzyme?
- what does this enzyme do?
- Granulosa express activating isoforms of what other enzyme?
- FSH does what do granulosa in second half of follicular? (why is this significant)
Luteal Phase:
Luteinization
-breakdown of what?
mural granulosa cells transform into what?, which enzymes do they secrete, which enzyme do they lack?
-theca interna cells become?, secrete what in response to LH?
Gamete of preantral follicle:
- why does it fail to complete meiosis 1?
- what proteins form the ZP?
- granulosa cells/ oocyte project what?
Have general idea of fate of ovarian reserve in women
Dominant follicle:
- endocrine function
- thecal cells express what? produce what?
- what steroidogenic enzymes/receptors are present in thecal?
- primary product of thecal?
What are the structures?
- what type of follicle? physiologists refer to it as?
- granulosa cell epithelium becomes?
- what highly vascular cell structure is now there?
- what fibrous cxn tissue stromal cells are there
theca interna is highly vascular
theca externa is fibrous cxn tissue stromal cells
- blood vessels of theca interna invade what?
- what is corpus hemorrhagicum?
- Lgr5+ cells?
LH surge transiently inhibits what?, why is that important?
-LH surge causes vascularization of which cells?
- what happens to the basal lamina of the mural granulosa cells after ovulation?
- Angiogenic factors produced by granulosa, and their purpose
Memorize this
Endocrine function of large antral follicles:
- produces more of which androgen?
- FSH stimulates proliferation of which cells and induces expression of what enzyme?
- what does this enzyme do?
- inhibin B?
- low vs high levels of estrogen/inhibin
What is this?
- name parts
- type of epithelium/other names
- which part is vascular
simple squamous to cuboidal mesothelium is same thing as germinal epithelium and surface epithelium
Early antral follicles dependent on what for normal growth? Large antral follicles?
dominant follicle during the periovulatory pediord:
- cumulus cells detatch from?
- oocyte releases what in response to LH-dependent paracrine factors?
- what does this component do?
Major products of the corpus luteum are?
mural granulosa cells become what? differentiate into what?
Luteal phase:
corpus luteum
what cell layer important?
What are the structures?
- what is the other name?
- type of granulosa
- what separates oocyte and follicular cells (granulosa)
basement membrane is also starting to form between the granulosa follicular cells and the thecal cells
- labeled structures
- what type of follicle is this?
- oocyte ploidy?
- granulosa cells: cumulus, mural, radiata purposes?
mural granulosa become highly steroidegenic
What are the structures?
- arrested at end of what?
- have single layer of what type of cells?
- when do you start seeing these cells? when do you have them all?
start seeing them at 6 weeks, have them all by fifth prenatal month
Growing preantral follicle:
Endocrine function:
- what type of receptors are expressed? are ovarian hormones produced yet?
- thecal cells are analogous to what in males?
- major product of thecal?
- which enzyme are they deficient in?
