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Endo Repro Final > Andrology/Gynecology > Flashcards

Andrology/Gynecology Flashcards

1
Q

Trigone of the bladder formed by

A

two ureteric orifices and internal urethral orifice

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2
Q

parts of the bladder (female)

A
  • internal urethral orifice opening for urethra in the neck of the urinary bladder
  • interureteric fold is the superior limit of the trigone, joints the two ureteric openings
  • uvula of the urinary bladder is a swelling in the posterior wall at internal urethral orifice
  • apex is anterior against the pub symp
  • body is between apex and fundus
  • fundus is the posterior part furthest away from the internal urethral orifice
  • neck tapers off into urethra houses the involuntary internal spinchter
  • detrusor muscle
  • vesical fascia is the connective tissue surrounding the detrusor
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3
Q

male bladder

A
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4
Q

female bladder cadaver anatomy

A
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5
Q
A
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6
Q

parts of the male urethra

-4

A

preprostatic urethra, prostatic urethra, memranous urethra, spongy urethra

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7
Q
A
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8
Q

Prostatic urethra

  • urethral crest
  • prostatic sinus
  • seminal colliculus
A
  • urethral crest is median ridge that swells in the center of the prostate gland as the seminal colliculus, and is surrounded on either side by prostatic sinus
  • prostatic sinus is the space on either side of the urethral crest and seminal colliculus, has openings for the prostatic ductules
  • seminal colliculus is a rounded mound on the urethral crest that should possess three slit like openings. has a prostatic utricle, which is an embryological remnant of the uterovaginal canal, and openings for the ejaculatory ducts.
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9
Q
A
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10
Q

where is the membranous urethra

A

short part going through external urethral spinchter

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11
Q

spongy urethra

  • intrabulbulbar fossa
  • navicular fossa
  • urethral glands
A

the intrabulbar fossa is an internal expansion of the spongy urethra in the bulb of the penis, receives secretions from the bulbourethral glands through openings for ducts of bulbo glands

  • the navicular fossa is an internal expansion of the soongy urethra in the glans penis
  • urethral glands are mucus secreting glands that empty directly into the spongy urethra
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12
Q

Female urethra

  • paraurethral glands
  • urethral glands
A

paraurethralglands are homologous to the prostate gland follow common duct to area near externa urethral orifice, urethral glands secrete mucus that empties directly into the urethra

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13
Q

spermatic cord contents

A

protection doesnt contribute to a good sex life

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14
Q
A

perineal raphe would be the “gooch”

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

Deep fascia of the penis

  • surrounds what
  • what is it made out of
A

surround the erectile tissue and deep fasculature and is made of deep perineal fascia

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17
Q

Regional organization of the penis

  • root
  • body
  • glans
A
  • root attached, includes the bulb and crura of the penis, bulbospongiosus, and ischiocavernosus
  • body is free includes conective tissue, paired corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum, and spongy urethra
  • glans is distal conical expansion continuous with corpus spongiosum proximally
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18
Q

Erectile tissue organization male

-Ventral

A

ventral cylinder of penile erectile tissue (central unpaired, from proximal to distal: Bulb of the penis, corpus spongiosum, and glans penis)

  • bulb of penis: erectile tissue at the root of the penis, continuous w/the corpus spongiosum
  • Corpus spongiosum: ventrally positioned erectile tissue transmits the spongy urethra
  • glans penis: distal conical expansion of corpus spongiosum. corona of the glans is the crown, fenulum is separation of body and glans (means neck)
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19
Q

Dorsal erectile tissue male

A

Dorsal cylinders of penile erectile tissue: paired from proximal to distal: crura of the penis, corpora cavernosa

  • crura of penis (erectile tissue associated proximally w/ the corresponding infefior pubic rami, continuous w/ corpus cavernosa) there is a right and left
  • corpus cavernosum (paired erectile tissue houses the paired deep A. of the penis)
20
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24
Q

Prostate Gland

  • describe
  • flow of prostatic fluid
A

unpaired largest accessory gland of the male repro system, prostatic fluid is 20% of seminal fluid, prostatic fucts convey fluid from parenchyma of gland to the prostatic sinus

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35
Q

Uterus proportions clinical note

body to cervix ratio

A

after childbirth the female infant uterus has adult proportions (2/3 body to 1/3 cervix) due to maternal hormonal influence. postpartum the uterus reduces to a 1/2 body to 1/2 cervix ratio. during puberty the body of the uterus returns again to the 2/3 size until menopause, where it again returns to a 1/2 to 1/2 ratio

36
Q

Body of uterus

  • proportion of uterus
  • uterine horns
  • uterine cavity has passage from what to what
A

upper 2/3 of uterus. uterine horns are superolateral region, entrance point for uterine tubes

uterine cavity has the internal os of the uterus, which is the passage from uterine cavity to cervical canal

37
Q

Cervix

-3 parts, which part has external os

A

supravaginal part between isthmus and vaginal part

vaginal part, part of cervix that extends into the upper most portion of vagina, surrounded by fornix

cervical canal: small fusiform space in cervix has the external os which is the opening of cervical canal into the vagina

38
Q

layers of the uterine wall

A

perimetrium: outer layer serous coat of peritoneum

Myometrium: middle muscular layer, most vascular layer

Endometrium: inner mucous layer, closely adherent to myometrium

39
Q

Round ligament of uterus

  • remnant of what?
  • course
A

fibrous remnant of the inferior part of the ovarian gubernaculum, extends from the lateral uterus, through the mesometrium to the labia majora via the inguinal canal.

40
Q

Ligament of the ovary

  • remnant of
  • course
A

fibrous remnant of the superior part of the ovarian gubernaculum, extends from the lateral uterine wall to the ovary through the mesometrium

41
Q
A
42
Q

Parts of the fallopian tubes:

Infundibulum has what two features

A

infundibulum has an abdominal ostium, which is an opening that leads from periotneal cavity to the infundibulum of the uterine tubes

fimbriae- finger like projections from the end of the infundibulum to the ovaries

Ovarian Fimbrion: one long infundibular fimbria that attaches to the superior end of the ovary

43
Q

what is the pudendal cleft

A

anterior slit between labia majora

44
Q

Labia majora

  • anterior labial commissure
  • posterior labial commissure
A

labia majora are prominent skin folds, protect the external urethral and vaginal orifices

anterior labial commissure: jxn of r/l labia maj anterior to angle of clitoris

posterior labial commissure: posterior limit of the pudendum, usually not present after first vaginal birth

45
Q

Clitoris

  • course
  • glans, angle, body, crura, prepuce, frenula, suspensory L
A

erectile organ extends from the anterior jxn of labia minora posteriorly to the pubic symphysis, branches into two crura, which associate w/ corresponding inferior pubic rami.

glans: distal anterior projection

angle of clitoris: at pubic symphysis, bend in the clitoris at jxn of crura/body of clitoris, comprised of two corpora cavernosa

body of clitoris: comprised of two corpora cavernosa

Crura of clitoris: associated w/ corresponding infeior pubic ramus, posterolateral projections of the corpora cavernosa, has r/l

prepuce: anterior most jxn of the labia minora which travels anterior to and variably covers the glans clitoris

Frenula: travels posteriorly from the clitoris to the paired labia minora

Suspensory L of clitoris: extends from the pubic symphysis to the body of the clitoris.

46
Q

Vaginal vestibule

  • external urethral orifice
  • vaginal orifice
  • bulbs
  • greater vestibular glands
  • lesser vestibular glands
A

external urethral orifice… exit point of urethra

vaginal orifice: opening of vagina, hymen covers before “sex”

bulbs of vestibule: paired elongated erectile tissue surrounding vaginal orifice, homologous to the bulb and corpus spongiosum of the penis

greater vestibular glands: paired glands, posterior to the bulbs of the vestibule, on either side of the vaginal vestibule secrete mucus upon sexual arousal

lesser vestibular glands: paired glands on either side of the vaginal vestibule secrete mucus between external urethral orifice and vaginal orifice moistening labia and vaginal vestibule.

Endo Repro Final (15 decks)

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