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flashcards of path guide 2018 > histo derm > Flashcards

histo derm Flashcards

1
Q

define hyperkeratosis

A

increase in keratin increase instratum corneum

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2
Q

what is parakeratosis

A

increase in nuclei of stratum corneaum

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3
Q

what is acanthosis

A

increase in stratum spinosusm

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4
Q

what is acantholysis

A

reduction in cohesions between keratinocytes

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5
Q

what is spongiosis

A

intercellular oedema

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6
Q

define lentiginous

A

linear pattern of increase in melaocyte proliferation within epidermal basal cell layer

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7
Q

histology of acute dermatitis

A

dilated dermal capiliiaries spongiosis inflammatory infiltrate into dermis

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8
Q

histology of chronic dermatitis

A

acanthosis crusting/ scaling

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9
Q

type of reaction for chronic dermatitis

A

type IV

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10
Q

what is the pathology of seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

allergic reaction toalassezia yeast affect face, eyebrow, ant chest, ear

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11
Q

histology of psoriasis

A

loss of granular cell layer munroes microabscesses “test tubes in a rack” clubbing of rete ridge parakeratosis

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12
Q

what is auspitz’s sign

A

psoriasis rubbling the lesion causes pinprick bleeding

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13
Q

what is koener phenomenon

A

psoriasis trauma causes a plaque to develop

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14
Q

nail changes in psoriasis

A

pitting onchylysis subungal hyperkeratosis

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15
Q

subtypes of psoriasis

A

guttate flextural plaque pustular

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16
Q

when does guttate psoriasis develop

A

in children 2 weeks after strep throat raindrop appearance

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17
Q

lichen planus lesion appearance

A

purple pruritic polygonal plaque papules mother of pearl sheen

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18
Q

what is wickham’s striae

A

white lacy overlying pattern on lichen planus papules

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19
Q

where does lichen planus occur

A

inner wrists and oral mucosa

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20
Q

histology of lichen planus

A

basal cell degeneraton saw toothing of rete ridges

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21
Q

appearance of erythema multiforme

A

annular target lesions on extensor surfaces

22
Q

drugs causing erythema multiforme

A

Sulphonamides NSAIDS Allopurinol Phenytoin Penecillin

23
Q

dermatitis herpetiformis pathology

A

IgA binds to basement membrane and forms subepidermal bullae

24
Q

dermatitis herpetiformis presentation

A

itchy vesicles on extensor surfaces of elbows and buttocks

25
Q

histologyo fdermatitis herpetiformis

A

microabscesses coalesce to form subepidermal bullae neutrophil and IgA are deposited at tip of dermal papillae

26
Q

pemphigoid pathology

A

linear deposition of IgG which binds to hemidesmosomes on the the basememnt membrane

27
Q

histology of pemphigoid

A

IgG deposition in a linear pattern along basement membrane subepidermal bullae with eosinophils

28
Q

presentation of pemphigoid

A

large tense bullae on erythematous base often ofn forearms, axillae, groin of elderly patients

29
Q

pathology of pemphigus

A

IgG antibodies bind to desmosomal proteins and form intrapidermal bullae

30
Q

hisotlogy of pemphigus

A

intraepidermal bullae netlike deposition of intercellular IgG

31
Q

sebhorroeic keratosis

A

rough plaques waxy middle aged pt

32
Q

actinic keratosis histology

A

Solar elastosis Paraketaosis Atypia Inflammation Not full thickness

33
Q

actinic keratosis presentation

A

rough sandpaper like scaly lesion on sun exposed area

34
Q

presentation of keratoacanthoma

A

rapidlly growing dome shaped nodule with a necrotic crushed centre grows over 2-3 weeks and clears spontaneously

35
Q

histology of keratoacanthoma

A

like SCC

36
Q

bowen’s disease histology

A

full thickness dysplasia BM intact

37
Q

presentation of bowen’s disease

A

intra epidermal squamous cell carcinoma in situ red flat and scaly on sun exposed areas

38
Q

SCC

A

dysplasia nuclear crowding spead through BM into dermis

39
Q

BCC appearance

A

pearly telangectasi palisading mass of basal cells pushing into dermis

40
Q

types of malignant melanoma

A

lentigo maligna melanoma superfical spreading nodullar acral lentiginous

41
Q

most important prognostic factor in malignant melanoma

A

breslow tihckness

42
Q

histology of malignant melanoma

A

atypical melanocytes theat grow horizontally then vertically buckshot appearance- pagetoid cells

43
Q

three types of benign melanocytic naevi

A

compound intradermal junctional

44
Q

lentigo maligna melanoma

A

slow growing black lesion on sun exposed areas of casacioan

45
Q

superficial spreading melanoma

A

irregular borders and irregular colour variation

46
Q

nodular melanoma

A

in young

47
Q

acral letiginous melanoma

A

palms, soles and subungal

48
Q

stephens johnsons sndrome

A

<10% skin detachment in sheets nikolsky sign positive if mucosa involved

49
Q

cuases of stephens johnons syndrome

A

sulfonamides abx anticonvulsants

50
Q

pityriasis rosea

A

slamon pink herald patch followed by christmas tree distribution

51
Q

causes of pityriasis rosea

A

viral illness resoves spontaneously

flashcards of path guide 2018 (15 decks)

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