Hip structure and movement Flashcards
The hip (acetabular femoral, coxa femoral) joint is formed by the articulation between the
pelvic girdle and the femur
Stability of the hip joint
The hip is a relatively stable joint.
* This is due to the hip joint bony architecture (joint congruency), strong
ligaments, and large supportive muscles.
Function of the hip
Important roles in support and locomotion. The hip transmits force between the trunk and the lower extremity
The hips function in locomotion is enhanced by the hip’s wide range of motion
3 bones of the pelvic girdle
Ilium, ischium, pubis
Where is the greater sciatic notch
The large notch inferior to the PIIS
Spine of the ischium
A bony projection inferior to the greater sciatic notch and superior to the lesser
sciatic notch
Lesser sciatic notch
A notch in the ischium located inferiorly with respect to the spine of the ischium
Where is the ischial tuberosity
The large bony prominence formed by the distal portion of the ischium
What is the pubic ramus
The branch of the pubic bone that fuses with the ilium
What is the inferior ramus
The branch of the pubic bone that fuses with the ischium
What kind of bone is the sacrum and what is the sacrum
An irregular
A triangular shaped bone formed by the fusion of 5 sacral vertebrae that sits
between the two innominate bones
What is the acetabulum
A deep socket formed at the lateral aspect of the innominate by the fusion of the ilium, ischium and pubic bones
Obturator foramen
The large foramen inferior to the acetabulum formed by the ischium and pubic bones
What is the linea aspera
The long ridge along the posterior surface of the diaphysis
What is the pubic symphysis
The articulation between the pubic bone of each innominate
There is a fibrocartilaginous disc (interpubic disc) between the articulating pubic bones
Sacroiliac joint articulating bones
Sacrum and ilium bones
Articulating bones of the acetabular femoral (hip) joint
Acetabulum of the innominate (pelvic) bone and the head of the femur
What does the acetabular labrum do?
It widens and deepens the acetabulum to improve joint congruency, and provides some shock absorption
Is the hip or shoulder joint more stable?
Due to the deeper acetabulum, stronger joint capsule and ligaments, and presence of stronger muscles, the hip joint is stronger
Function of the iliofemoral ligament
Limits excessive hip external rotation and hip extension
Function of the pubofemoral joint
Limits excessive hip abduction and external rotation during hip extension
Function of ischiofemoral joint
Limits excessive hip internal rotation
What does the ligamenrum teres do
It is a small auxillary joint which provides a conduit for small vessels and innervations to the femoral head and plays a critical role in proprioception
