Ankle and foot structure 2 Flashcards
The midtarsal joint is made up of which two joints
The talonavicular and the calcaneocuboid
Articulating bones of the talonavicular joint
The round head of the talus
The concavity on the proximal/posterior navicular
Talonavicular joint subdivision
Triaxial ball and socket
Articulating bones of the calcaneocuboid joint
Anterior facet of the calcaneus
Posterior aspect of the cuboid
Diarthrodial joint subdivision of the calcaneocuboid
Biaxial modified saddle
Contains its own joint capsule
Tarsometatarsal joint complex (Lis Franc’s joint) articulating bones
Distal aspects of the 3 cuneiforms and the cuboid
Bases of the metatarsals
Diarthrodial subdivision of Tarsometatarsal joint
Nonaxial gliding type synovial
Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint articulating bones
Heads of the 1st-5th metatarsals
Base of the 1st-5th proximal phalanges
Which MTP joint promotes the greatest range of motion?
The 1st MTP (Hallux)
Diarthrodial joint subdivision of the MTP joint
Biaxial condyloid type
What is turf toe
Hyperextension of the 1st MTP
Diarthrodial joint subdivision of the interphalangeal joint (IP) joint
Uniaxial hinge
Bones in the medial longitudinal arch
calcaneus, talus, navicular, the three cuneiforms, and the 1st
three metatarsals
Ligaments in the medial longitudinal arch
Calcaneonavicular and long plantar ligament
Function of the medial longitudinal arch
Functions as a shock absorber when the foot initially contacts the ground and adapting the foot to uneven terrain in early and mid stance. Functions to assist the transition of the foot into a more rigid structure as the foot prepares for toe-off.
What is plantar fascilitis
One of the injuries believed to be associated with both an excessively
high and low arch is plantar heel pain (plantar fasciitis)
Plays an important role in shock absorption and transitioning the foot
from a mobile structure to a rigid structure during gait
Bones in the lateral longitudinal arch
Formed by the calcaneus, cuboid, and the 4th and 5th metatarsals
Function of the lateral longitudinal and transverse arches
Shock absorption and adapting of the foot to uneven terrain in early and mid
stance; Assists the transition of the foot into a more rigid structure as the foot
prepares for toe-of
There are 2 transverse arches:
Proximal and distal
Bones in the proximal and distal transverse arches
Proximal (transverse arch)
* Formed by the bases of the 1st – 5th metatarsals, the three cuneiforms, and the
cuboid
* Distal (metatarsal arch)
* Formed by the heads of the 1st – 5th metatarsals
What 3 movements make up pronation
Dorsiflexion
Abduction
Eversion
What 3 movements make up supination
Plantar flexion
Adduction
Inversion
