Hip Joints and Ligaments Flashcards
What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint
Synovial joint with fibrous component
Sacroiliac Joint allows limited _____ and _______
Sacroiliac joint allows limited gliding and rotation.
Sacroiliac Joint is quite mobile in who?
Sacroiliac joint is quite mobile in children.
The amount of motion in the sacroiliac joint ______ with age
The amount of motion in the sacroiliac joint decreases with age
Mobility in the sacroiliac joint is lower in who? Men or women.
Who’s sacroiliac joint may fuse when they become elderly?
Mobility is lower in men than in women, may fuse in elderly males
Sacroiliac joint surfaces are ______ in adults
irregular
Sacroiliac joint surfaces are irregular in adults. Why?
It provides an interlocking surface ideal for bearing weight
What are the main supporting ligaments of the sacroiliac joint?
1) Anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments
2) Interosseous sacroiliac ligament
3) Sacrospinous and Sacrotuberous ligaments
What is the main accessory ligament of the sacroiliac joint?
Iliolumbar ligament
When under load the anterior sacral promontory tends to rotate ______ and _______
What is this called?
Inferiorly and anteriorly
This is called Nutation
Which ligament limits nutation by 1 degree?
Nutation is limited by anterior sacroiliac ligament by 1 degree
Which two ligaments limit nutation by 2 degrees?
Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments limit nutation by 2 degrees
Which two ligaments maintain joint apposition during nutation?
Interosseous and sacrotuberous ligaments maintain joint apposition during nutation
Counternutation is limited by which ligament?
Counternutation is limited by the posterior sacroiliac ligament (relaxed in nutation)
If the sacroiliac joints are working this means there is less stress on what two things?
If SI joints are workmen there is less stress on the femur and Intervertebral discs
What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?
Cartilaginous joint (fibrocartilaginous, secondary cartilaginous, or symphyseal joint)
Pubic Symphysis is two bony surfaces covered in what type of cartilage?
hyaline cartilage
Pubic symphysis is joined by the ______ ______ disc
Interpubic fibrocartilaginous
What joint has limited motion that increases during the latter stages of pregnancy?
pubic symphysis
the _______ joint forms a ____ _____ chain with the sacroiliac joints
The pubic symphysis joint forms a closed kinetic chain with the sacroiliac joints
which ligaments support the pubic symphysis?
superior, posterior, and inferior (arcuate) pubic ligaments
The hip joint is formed by the ____ and ____
Hip joint is formed by the femur and acetabulum
The hip joint is what type of joint?
ball and socket synovial joint
Hip joint allows what type of movement?
Flexion/extension
abduction/adduction
medial/lateral rotation
circumduction
The hip joint is deepens by what?
acetabular labrum (fibrocartilage)
The acetabular fossa is non articular and is cover by what?
a fat pad
The hip joint is a strong fibrous joint capsule supported by what ligaments?
Iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral
Where does the iliofemoral ligament attach? What shape is it?
AIIS and acetabular rim to the intertrochanteric line of the femur
Y shaped
What is the strongest ligament in the body?
Iliofemoral
What does the iliofemoral ligament help prevent?
Hyperextension of the hip joint in standing
What is close packed position of the hip joint?
Extension, medial rotation, and slight abduction
Where it is most stable and least likely to dislocate
Where does the pubofemoral ligament attach?
1) Obturator crest
2) Anterior to lesser trochanter of femur
What does the pubofemoral ligament do?
Prevents excessive abduction
Where does the ischiofemoral ligament attach?
1) posterior surface of the acetabular rim
2) medial to base of greater trochanter
What does the ischiofemoral ligament prevent?
Prevents excessive rotation
Three main functions of ligaments of the hip
1) All combine to support strong capsule
2) allow little or no distraction (bones being far apart and dislocating)
3) will support the head of the femur during weight bearing even if the hip joint is dislocated (iliofemoral ligament)
Where does the ligament of the head of the femur attach?
1) acetabular notch and transverse acetabular ligament
2) fovea of head of femur
True/False
The ligament of head of femur is an important stabilizer
false
What does the ligament of head of femur contain?
Contains artery of the head of the femur
the ligament of head of femur is intra________ but extra________
intracapsular but extrasynovial (which means it travels within the joint capsule but not within the synovial membrane)
Which ligament crosses the acetabular notch? What does it prevent?
Transverse acetabular ligament and it prevents inferior dislocation of femur
Which ligament encircles the neck of the femur (runs at 90 degree angle to other ligaments)
orbicular zone
What is it called when there is a decrease in the angle of inclination of the neck of the femur relative to the shaft
Coxa Vara
Vara or various is the term used to describe any bone or joint that is deformed in a way that makes the distal part deviate ____ _____ _____.
towards the midline
Coxa Vara causes a person to have ______ legs
bowed legs
