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BMS172 - anatomy lower limb > Hip Joints and Ligaments > Flashcards

Hip Joints and Ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint

A

Synovial joint with fibrous component

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2
Q

Sacroiliac Joint allows limited _____ and _______

A

Sacroiliac joint allows limited gliding and rotation.

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3
Q

Sacroiliac Joint is quite mobile in who?

A

Sacroiliac joint is quite mobile in children.

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4
Q

The amount of motion in the sacroiliac joint ______ with age

A

The amount of motion in the sacroiliac joint decreases with age

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5
Q

Mobility in the sacroiliac joint is lower in who? Men or women.

Who’s sacroiliac joint may fuse when they become elderly?

A

Mobility is lower in men than in women, may fuse in elderly males

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6
Q

Sacroiliac joint surfaces are ______ in adults

A

irregular

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7
Q

Sacroiliac joint surfaces are irregular in adults. Why?

A

It provides an interlocking surface ideal for bearing weight

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8
Q

What are the main supporting ligaments of the sacroiliac joint?

A

1) Anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments
2) Interosseous sacroiliac ligament
3) Sacrospinous and Sacrotuberous ligaments

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9
Q

What is the main accessory ligament of the sacroiliac joint?

A

Iliolumbar ligament

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10
Q

When under load the anterior sacral promontory tends to rotate ______ and _______

What is this called?

A

Inferiorly and anteriorly

This is called Nutation

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11
Q

Which ligament limits nutation by 1 degree?

A

Nutation is limited by anterior sacroiliac ligament by 1 degree

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12
Q

Which two ligaments limit nutation by 2 degrees?

A

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments limit nutation by 2 degrees

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13
Q

Which two ligaments maintain joint apposition during nutation?

A

Interosseous and sacrotuberous ligaments maintain joint apposition during nutation

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14
Q

Counternutation is limited by which ligament?

A

Counternutation is limited by the posterior sacroiliac ligament (relaxed in nutation)

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15
Q

If the sacroiliac joints are working this means there is less stress on what two things?

A

If SI joints are workmen there is less stress on the femur and Intervertebral discs

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16
Q

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

A

Cartilaginous joint (fibrocartilaginous, secondary cartilaginous, or symphyseal joint)

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17
Q

Pubic Symphysis is two bony surfaces covered in what type of cartilage?

A

hyaline cartilage

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18
Q

Pubic symphysis is joined by the ______ ______ disc

A

Interpubic fibrocartilaginous

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19
Q

What joint has limited motion that increases during the latter stages of pregnancy?

A

pubic symphysis

20
Q

the _______ joint forms a ____ _____ chain with the sacroiliac joints

A

The pubic symphysis joint forms a closed kinetic chain with the sacroiliac joints

21
Q

which ligaments support the pubic symphysis?

A

superior, posterior, and inferior (arcuate) pubic ligaments

22
Q

The hip joint is formed by the ____ and ____

A

Hip joint is formed by the femur and acetabulum

23
Q

The hip joint is what type of joint?

A

ball and socket synovial joint

24
Q

Hip joint allows what type of movement?

A

Flexion/extension
abduction/adduction
medial/lateral rotation
circumduction

25
Q

The hip joint is deepens by what?

A

acetabular labrum (fibrocartilage)

26
Q

The acetabular fossa is non articular and is cover by what?

A

a fat pad

27
Q

The hip joint is a strong fibrous joint capsule supported by what ligaments?

A

Iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral

28
Q

Where does the iliofemoral ligament attach? What shape is it?

A

AIIS and acetabular rim to the intertrochanteric line of the femur

Y shaped

29
Q

What is the strongest ligament in the body?

A

Iliofemoral

30
Q

What does the iliofemoral ligament help prevent?

A

Hyperextension of the hip joint in standing

31
Q

What is close packed position of the hip joint?

A

Extension, medial rotation, and slight abduction

Where it is most stable and least likely to dislocate

32
Q

Where does the pubofemoral ligament attach?

A

1) Obturator crest

2) Anterior to lesser trochanter of femur

33
Q

What does the pubofemoral ligament do?

A

Prevents excessive abduction

34
Q

Where does the ischiofemoral ligament attach?

A

1) posterior surface of the acetabular rim

2) medial to base of greater trochanter

35
Q

What does the ischiofemoral ligament prevent?

A

Prevents excessive rotation

36
Q

Three main functions of ligaments of the hip

A

1) All combine to support strong capsule
2) allow little or no distraction (bones being far apart and dislocating)
3) will support the head of the femur during weight bearing even if the hip joint is dislocated (iliofemoral ligament)

37
Q

Where does the ligament of the head of the femur attach?

A

1) acetabular notch and transverse acetabular ligament

2) fovea of head of femur

38
Q

True/False

The ligament of head of femur is an important stabilizer

A

false

39
Q

What does the ligament of head of femur contain?

A

Contains artery of the head of the femur

40
Q

the ligament of head of femur is intra________ but extra________

A

intracapsular but extrasynovial (which means it travels within the joint capsule but not within the synovial membrane)

41
Q

Which ligament crosses the acetabular notch? What does it prevent?

A

Transverse acetabular ligament and it prevents inferior dislocation of femur

42
Q

Which ligament encircles the neck of the femur (runs at 90 degree angle to other ligaments)

A

orbicular zone

43
Q

What is it called when there is a decrease in the angle of inclination of the neck of the femur relative to the shaft

A

Coxa Vara

44
Q

Vara or various is the term used to describe any bone or joint that is deformed in a way that makes the distal part deviate ____ _____ _____.

A

towards the midline

45
Q

Coxa Vara causes a person to have ______ legs

A

bowed legs

BMS172 - anatomy lower limb (13 decks)

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