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BMS172 - anatomy lower limb > Foot Quiz > Flashcards

Foot Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What is the action of abductor hallucis?

A

Abducts and flexes 1st digit

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2
Q

Which of the following accessory bones of the foot is most commonly found?

A

Os trigonum

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3
Q

What is found on the lateral border of the foot?

A

Tuberosity of cuboid, fibular trochlea and tuberosity at the base of the 5th metatarsal

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4
Q

Which of the following is found on the lateral border of the foot?

A

Tuberosity at the base of the 5th metatarsal

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5
Q

The lateral tarsometatarsal joint involves:

A

The cuboid and 4th and 5th metatarsals

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6
Q

Which of the longitudinal arches of the foot is deeper?

A

Medial

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7
Q

The ligament that attaches to the sulcus tali and the sulcus calcanei is called the:

A

Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament

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8
Q

Where does the cervical ligament attach?

A

The dorsal surface of the calcaneus and the neck of the talus

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9
Q

Which nerve innervates flexor digitorum brevis?

A

Medial plantar nerve

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10
Q

What type of joint are the interphalangeal joints of the foot?

A

Hinge synovial

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11
Q

Which of the following is true of accessory bones?

A

They may be unilateral or bilateral

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12
Q

What is true of accessory bones?

A

Pathological coalitions between bones may form where an accessory bone is present

They may affect other structures e.g. the angle of certain muscles

Their locations are relatively constant

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13
Q

Which of the following is true of accessory bones?

A

Some are attached to other bones via ligaments

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14
Q

Which nerve innervates flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Lateral plantar nerve

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15
Q

Which of the following attaches to the tendon of flexor digitorum longus?

A

Quadratus plantae

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16
Q

The talocalcaneonavicular joint is made up of:

A

Tibialis posterior
The plantar aponeurosis
The planatarcaneonavicular (spring) ligament

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17
Q

The two parts of the transverse tarsal joint are the:

A

talonavicular articulation and calcaneocuboid joint

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18
Q

Which joint involves the medial cuneiform?

A

The great tarsal joint

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19
Q

In hallux valgus what moves medially?

A

The head of the 1st metatarsal

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20
Q

Which of the following moves laterally in hallux valgus?

A

The sesamoids of the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint

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21
Q

Supination at the subtalar joint of the foot is a combination of:

A

plantarflexion, inversion and adduction

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22
Q

Failure of which of the following is most likely to contribute to fallen arches?

A

Tibialis posterior

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23
Q

Failure of which of the following may contribute to fallen arches?

A

The plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

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24
Q

Which ligament attaches to the plantar surfaces of the calcaneus and cuboid?

A

The long plantar ligament and the short plantar ligament

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25
Q

The navicular bone is involved in which joints?

A

Talocalcaneonavicular joint
Great tarsal joint
Transverse tarsal joint

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26
Q

Which of the following attaches to the medial tubercle of the calcaneal tuberosity?

A

Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor digiti minimi

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27
Q

Which digits of the foot are extended by extensor digitorum brevis?

A

2-4

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28
Q

What is found on the medial border of the foot?

A

Medial cuneiform
Sustentaculum tali
Navicular tuberosity

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29
Q

What is the proximal attachment of extensor digitorum brevis?

A

Calcaneus and inferior extensor retinaculum

30
Q

How many arches of the foot are there?

A

3

31
Q

Which nerve innervates flexor hallucis brevis?

A

Medial plantar nerve

32
Q

How many interosseous muscles attach to the 2nd proximal phalanx?

A

2

33
Q

Which nerve innervates extensor hallucis brevis?

A

Deep fibular nerve

34
Q

What separates the posterior and middle talocalcaneal articulations?

A

The interosseous talocalcaneal ligament

35
Q

Which nerve innervates adductor hallucis?

A

Lateral plantar nerve

36
Q

What is the action of the plantar interosseous muscles?

A

Adduct digits 3-5 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints

37
Q

Which nerve innervates extensor digitorum brevis?

A

Deep fibular nerve

38
Q

Which joint is part of the transverse tarsal joint?

A

Calcaneocuboid joint

39
Q

How many joint capsules does the great tarsal joint have?

A

1

40
Q

What attaches to the base of the 1st proximal phalanx of the foot?

A

Flexor hallucis brevis
Abductor hallucis
Adductor hallucis

41
Q

Which of the following attaches to the base of the 5th proximal phalanx?

A

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

42
Q

Sesamoid bones are sometimes ________

A

cartilaginous

43
Q

Which tendons may have a sesamoid bone in it?

A

Fibularis longus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis brevis

44
Q

What causes the plantar aponeurosis to tighten thus causing the longitudinal arches to deepen?

A

Dorsiflexion of the digits

45
Q

Sudden inversion is most likely to cause which of the following?

A

Avulsion of the tuberosity at the base of the 5th metatarsal

46
Q

What directly supports the head of the talus?

A

The plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament

47
Q

The transverse tarsal joint

is mechanically linked to the

A

subtalar joint

48
Q

Weakness of which of the following may cause hammer toe?

A

Lumbricals and interosseous muscles

49
Q

What flexes digits 2-5 of the foot?

A

Flexor digitorum brevis
Flexor digitorum longus
Quadratus plantae

50
Q

Which joint involves the base of the 2nd metatarsal?

A

Great tarsal

51
Q

Which bones articulate at the medial tarsometatarsal joint?

A

1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

52
Q

Which talocalcaneal articulations make up the anatomical subtalar joint?

A

The posterior one

53
Q

Where is the fibular trocjlea located

A

lateral surface of the calcaneus

54
Q

The groove for the flexor hallucis longus tendon on the talus runs between the

A

Medial and lateral tubercles of the posterior process of the talus

55
Q

Which nerve innervates the first lumbrical of the foot?

A

Medial plantar nerve

56
Q

The plantar aponeurosis attaches to the:

A

Calcaneal tuberosity and bases of proximal phalanges

57
Q

The talocalcaneonavicular joint is:

A

The anatomical joint

58
Q

The great tarsal joint usually involves:

A

All 3 cuneiforms, the navicular, cuboid and metatarsals 2 and 3

59
Q

Which nerve innervates quadratus plantae?

A

Lateral plantar nerve

60
Q

The close packed position of the functional subtalar joint is:

A

Supination

61
Q

Which of the following will flex the proximal phalanges and extend the middle and distal pahalanges of digits 2-5 of the foot?

A

The lumbricals

62
Q

Pronation at the functional subtalar joint is a combination of which movements?

A

Dorsiflexion, eversion and abduction

63
Q

What type of joints are the metatarsophalangeal joints?

A

Condyloid synovial joints

64
Q

Which talocalcaneal articulations contribute to the functional subtalar joint?

A

All of them
The posterior one
The anterior one
The anterior and middle ones

65
Q

Which nerve innervates the 2nd lumbrical of the foot?

A

Lateral plantar nerve

66
Q

_______ bones are formed in tendons or joint capsules,

May not completely ossify, and they decrease friction between adjacent structures

A

sesamoid bones

67
Q

The axis of motion at the functional subtalar joint is in which plane?

A

None of the cardinal planes

68
Q

Which of the following tendons almost always has a sesamoid bone in it?

A

fibularis longus

69
Q

Which muscles abduct digits 2-4 of the foot?

A

The dorsal interosseous muscles

70
Q

What does the metatarsal break do

A

allows force to be more evenly distributed across the forefoot during gate

BMS172 - anatomy lower limb (13 decks)

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