Hip fractures Flashcards
What are the two main categories of hip fractures
Intra capsular
Extra capsular
what fractures need a hemi or total hip replacement? Why?
Displaced intra-capsular fractures as the blood supply for the femoral head is cut off (medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries)
What classification system is used for intracapsular NOFs?
Garden
Grade 1 - incomplete and non displaced
2 - complete and non displaced
3 - partial displacement
4 - full displacement
which intracapsular fractures can be treated with internal fixation and why ?
non-displaced as may have an intact blood supply
hOW are intertrochanteric fractures surgically managed
Dynamic hip screw
How are subtrochanteric fractures managed?
Intramedullary nail
How do hip fractures present, what are the signs on examination
Pain in the groin/hip
May radiate to the knee
Not able to weight bear
Shortened, abducted and external rotated leg
What is the initial investigation for a suspected hip fracture
XR AP and lateral views
what is a key sign on XR indicating a NOF fracture
Shentons line disruption
