Hip Dyplasia Test 2

Question 1

What is congenital hip dysplasia? What position should they be placed in to prevent it?

Answer 1

o A condition where the head of the femur (ball) and the acetabular(socket) are improperly aligned (subluxation)
o May not show any signs until later in life
o Make sure baby is flexed

Question 2

What can cause hip dysplasia?

Answer 2

o Genetic factors: correlation with maternal estrogen
 Cause the laxity of the hip joint (hips are loose)
o Factors that may lead to hip dysplasia
 Baby was in breech position
 Oligohydramnios (lack of amniotic fluid)
 Fetal size

Question 3

What assessment can be done and how does it prove it is hip dysplasia?

Answer 3

 Allis (Galeazzi) sign
• Bend baby’s knees and lie them supine. The affected side will show as being shorter than the unaffected side
 Limited abduction of the affected hip
 Asymmetric folds of the gluteal and the thigh
 Telescoping or pistoning of the thigh
 ***most are resolved within two months
• Make sure during that time, keep flexed
 Does the screening around 2 years old or when they start walking
 Barlow Test (push legs in) and Ortolani’s Test (rotate out)
• Used to see if the hips dislocate; will here a click

Question 4

What is the treatment for hip dysplasia?

Answer 4

 Pavlik harness
• Used for infants younger than three months and does not get taken off (only taken off for an hour in order to give a bath)
• Legs are kept in flexed position
• Educate parents how to unstrap the harness one at a time to get clothing on the baby
• Make sure to assess if it is a close or open reduction
o Open reduction has an incision
• Make sure to clean child well
• Wear clothes under harness to prevent skin breakdown