Hip and Pelvis (Exam 2)

Question 1

Most common among elderly women. Due to higher incidence of osteoporosis.

Answer 1

Hip Fractures

Question 2

Most common acute orthopedic injury in the geriatric population.

Answer 2

Hip Fractures

Question 3

Most significant complication. Due to osteonecrosis and loss of blood supply to femoral head.

Answer 3

Avascular Necrosis

Question 4

Avoid extreme abduction and ER to avoid re-disolocation.

Answer 4

Anterior Hip Dislocation

Question 5

Avoid hip adduction, internal rotation, and flexion.

Answer 5

Posterior Hip Dislocation

Question 6

Extensive DJD. Changing femoral neck-shaft angle so that healthy cartilage is exposed in order to reduce pain and improve function.

Answer 6

Proximal Femoral Osteotomy

Question 7

Replaces damaged femoral head with a bipolar prosthesis. Two separate components.

Answer 7

Hemiarthroplasty

Question 8

Performed for femoral head osteonecrosis or a severe femoral head fracture.

Answer 8

Hemioarthroplasty

Question 9

Replaces both joint surfaces.

Answer 9

THA/THR

Question 10

Avoid hip adduction, hip IR, flexion past 90 degrees, and hyperextension.

Answer 10

Total Hip Precautions

Question 11

Accesses the hip between the Gluteus Maximus and Medius. Capsule and external rotators are released and hip is dislocated posteriorly.

Answer 11

Posteriolateral Approach

Question 12

Uses the space between the Gluteus Medius and TFL. Glut Medius, Glut Minimus are commonly damaged/cut in this approach.

Answer 12

Anterolateral Approach

Question 13

Younger patients with OA. Metal cap placed on femoral head. Cup placed in acetabulum.

Answer 13

Hip Resurfacing Surgery

Question 14

Flattening of femoral head due to noninflammatory self-limiting syndrome. In which there is a disruption of blood supply to the femoral head. Pediatric Population.

Answer 14

Pegg-Calve-Perthes Disease

Question 15

Found posterior to greater trochanter. Bursa becomes irritated and inflamed due to excessive compression and repeated friction as ITB snaps over bursa.

Answer 15

Trochanteric Bursitis

Question 16

Pain over ischial tuberosity. Direct contusion or prolonged sitting. May mimic a hamstring strain at origin.

Answer 16

Ischial Bursitis

Question 17

Local tenderness over iliopsoas muscle. Caused by tight iliopsoas with/without excessive hip extension.

Answer 17

Iliopectinal Bursitis

Question 18

Sudden, forceful contraction of hamstring. Decelerating lower leg against concentric contraction of the quads during running as the hamstrings contact eccentrically.

Answer 18

Hamstring Strains

Question 19

Sudden forceful extreme hip extension. Forced hip flexion against resistance.

Answer 19

Hip Flexor Strain

Question 20

Direct blow or fall onto lilac crest. Sudden forceful contraction or overstitching of a muscle with an attachment on the iliac crest.

Answer 20

Contusions

Question 21

Extensive and potentially life threatening.

Answer 21

Pelvic Fractures

Question 22

Major weight bearing structure with articular cartilage surface.

Answer 22

Acetabulum Fracture

Question 23

Long thick band of connective tissue. Helps stabilize and control the knee joint in addition to the hip. During running, helps stabilize the hip and knee at initial contact.

Answer 23

IT Band Syndrome

Question 24

Most common dislocation of the hip joint.

Answer 24

Posterior

Question 25

Hip Precautions

Answer 25

No flexion past 90 degrees. No hip IR, Adduction beyond neutral (posterior). No hip extension or ER beyond neutral (anterior).