Bone Healing (Exam 1)

Question 1

Form bone matrix and synthesize type I collagen.

Answer 1

Osteoblasts

Question 2

90% of mature skeletal tissue. Control extracellular concentrations of calcium and phosphorus.

Answer 2

Osteocytes

Question 3

Bone resorption cells.

Answer 3

Osteoclasts

Question 4

Normal, mature lamellar bone.

Answer 4

Type I

Question 5

Weak, fragile, immature woven bone. Found in newborns, embryos, bone tumors.

Answer 5

Type II

Question 6

Lifelong activity that responds to mechanical stress (torsion, bending, compression).

Answer 6

Wolff’s Law

Question 7

Inflammation and hematoma formation. 24-48 hours.

Answer 7

Phase I

Question 8

Chondrocyte formation and angiogenesis.

Answer 8

Phase II

Question 9

Cartilage and calcification.

Answer 9

Phase III

Question 10

Cartilage removal.

Answer 10

Phase IV(4)

Question 11

Bone formation.

Answer 11

Phase V(5)

Question 12

Bone remodeling (may take several years).

Answer 12

Phase VI(6)

Question 13

Decreased rate of normal remodeling after slightly longer than one week.
By 3 months bone strength only 55%-60% of normal.

Answer 13

Effects of Immobilization

Question 14

Slower rate than expected.

Answer 14

Delayed union

Question 15

Healing process has stopped.

Answer 15

Nonunion

Question 16

Nonatomic Position

Answer 16

Malunion

Question 17

Tobacco, Malnutrition, Poor vascular supply, Infection, Inadequate reduction.

Answer 17

Factors influencing bone healing.

Question 18

Rehab Goals Bone Healing

Answer 18

Overall fitness.
Motion of unaffected joints. 
Minimized atrophy.
Isometrics and EMS.
Improve muscular strength.
Protect healing structures.

Question 19

Treatments after immobilization of bone.

Answer 19

Thermal agents for motion/circulation.
Isometrics, Concentrics, Eccentrics, Isokinetics, CKC
Balance, Coordination, Proprioceptive
Cardio Rehab