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Body Structures 1 > Hip and gluteal joint > Flashcards

Hip and gluteal joint Flashcards

1
Q

What bone does NOT contribute to the knee joint?

A

Fibula

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2
Q

What arteries does the internal iliac artery feed?

A

Superior gluteal artery
Inferior gluteal artery
Obturator artery

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3
Q

What arteries does the external iliac artery?

A

Femoral artery

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4
Q

When does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?

A

When it passes deep to the inguinal ligament

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5
Q

Where are the lymphatics concentrated in the lower limb?

A

Popliteal nodules
Superficial inguinal nodules
Deep inguinal nodules

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6
Q

What are the spinal nerves of the lumbar plexus?

A

L1-L4

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7
Q

What are the spinal nerves of the sacral plexus?

A

L4-S4

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8
Q

What important nerves come from the lumbar plexus?

A

Femoral nerve

Obturator nerve

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9
Q

What important nerves comes from the sacral plexus?

A

Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Sciatic nerve

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10
Q

What stabilizes the pubic symphysis?

A

Pubic ligaments

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11
Q

What kind of joint is the sacroiliac joint?

A

Synovial

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12
Q

What things stabilize the the sacroiliac joint?

A

Articular surfaces with interlocking elevations/depressions

Sacrospinous ligament
Sacrotuberous ligament

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13
Q

What does the sacrospinous ligament create?

A

The greater sciatic notch becomes the greater sciatic foramen.

(ligament goes from ischial spine to sacrum)

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14
Q

What does the sacrotuberous ligament create?

A

Lesser sciatic foramen

ligament goes from ischial tuberosity to sacrum

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15
Q

Most of the obturator foramen is covered with a membrane except _____.

A

the obturator canal

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16
Q

What bones make the acetabulum (hip socket)?

A

Ilium, ischium, pubis

17
Q

What are the parts of the acetabulum?

A

Acetabular fossa (filled with fat) surrounded by lunate surface (covered with hyaline cartilage) with an acetabular notch (closed with transverse acetabular ligament) on the inferior point

18
Q

What is the divot on the head of the femur? What attaches there?

A

Fovea, the ligamentum teres attaches there and goes into the transverse acetabular ligament

19
Q

What are the 3 ligaments of the hip joint stability?

A

Iliofemoral ligament (Y ligament on anterior side, most strong)
Pubofemoral ligament
Ischiofemoral ligament

20
Q

What does the iliofemoral ligament do?

A

Prevents hyperextension of the hip

21
Q

What does the pubofemoral ligament do?

A

Limits hip abduction

22
Q

What does the ischiofemoral ligament do?

A

Limits hip hyperextension

23
Q

What is a trendelenburg gait? What causes it?

A

Unilateral pelvic drop

Weakness in gluteus medius/minimus

24
Q

What are the muscles of the gluteal region?

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus

Piriformis
Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior gemellus
Quadratus femoris
25
Q

What is the innervation of the gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

26
Q

What muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia lata

27
Q

What is the action of the gluteus maximus?

A

Hip extension AND External rotation (it is oblique!)

28
Q

Where do gluteus medius and minimus attach?

A

More laterally on the pelvis to the greater trochanter

29
Q

What is the action of gluteus medius and minimus?

A

Abduction and internal rotation

30
Q

What space does the piriformis go through?

A

Greater sciatic foramen

31
Q

What are the muscles of external rotation? What about their innervation?

A 
Piriformis
Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior gemellus
Quadratus femoris

All except the gemelli have their own nerves (e.g. nerve to piriformis)

32
Q

What is at risk in a lateral approach to a THR?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (medius and minimus)

33
Q

What nerve innervates the superior gemellus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus

34
Q

What nerve innervates the inferior gemellus?

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

35
Q

Does the sciatic nerve innervate muscles in the gluteal region?

A

no!! Just passes below (inferior) piriformis but does not innervate muscles here

36
Q

What provides sensory info from the skin of the gluteal region?

A

Posterior cutaneous nerve which branches into clunial nerves

37
Q

What provides blood supply to gluteal region?

A

Superior and inferior gluteal arteries from internal clinical artery (barrier is piriformis)

38
Q

Where should gluteal injections go?

A

Upper lateral quadrant

Using left hand, between 2nd and 3rd digit

Body Structures 1 (13 decks)

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