Hand

Question 1

What is a Boxers fracture?

Answer 1

Fracture of the fifth metacarpal (pinky)

Question 2

What is the most mobile joint in digits 2-5?

Answer 2

MP

Question 3

Flexion/extension of digits 2-5 occurs at which joints?

Answer 3

MP
PIP
DIP

Question 4

Thumb adduction/abduction is in a plane _____ to the plane of the palm.

Answer 4

Perpendicular

Question 5

Thumb flexion/extension is in a plane _____ to the plane of the palm.

Answer 5

Parallel

Question 6

What are the ligaments on the sides of finger joints?

Answer 6

Collateral ligaments

Question 7

What does the volar plate do in the finger?

Answer 7

Centers the long flexor tendons and protects against hyperxtension. On the palmar side of the finger

Question 8

What are the attachments of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 8

Epicondyle of humerus

Base of middle phalanx digits 2-5.

Question 9

What is the action of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 9

Flex PIP joint

Question 10

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 10

Median nerve

Question 11

What is the action of the flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 11

Proximal ulna

Base of distal phalanx digits 2-5

Question 12

What is the action of the flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 12

Flexes DIP joint

Question 13

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 13

Ulnar nerve (medial) AND AIN (lateral)

Question 14

What are the portions of the tendons of the fingers?

Answer 14

Tendon -> tendon sheet (promotes gliding) -> retinacular portion (pulleys that stabilize the tendon and prevent bow-stringing)

Question 15

What are the attachments of the extensor digitorum?

Answer 15

Lateral epicondyle
Extensor expansion (hood)

Question 16

What is the action of the extensor digitorum?

Answer 16

Extend MP joint (and also IP)

Question 17

What is the innervation of the extensor digitorum?

Answer 17

Posterior interosseous nerve (PIN)

Question 18

What is the innervation of the extensor indicis proprius and digiti minimi?

Answer 18

PIN

Question 19

What is the juncturae tendinum?

Answer 19

Intertendinous connections that couples the actions of digits 2-5

Question 20

What is the extensor/expansion hood?

Answer 20

A moveable attachment sheath that drapes over the dorsal part of the digits. When ED contracts, the hood is pulled proximally and extends the IP

Question 21

What is the flexor pollicis longus?

Answer 21

Anterior ragius -> distal phalanx of thumb, flexes IP.

Question 22

What is the innervation of the flexor pollicis longus?

Answer 22

AIN

Question 23

How you clinically test AIN?

Answer 23

Make an “ok” sign. Due to loss of FPL and FDP, cant make round circle.

Question 24

What are the attachments of the extensor pollicis longus?

Answer 24

Posterior distal ulna

Base of distal phalanx of thumb

Question 25

What are the innervations of EPL and EPB?

Answer 25

PIN

Question 26

What are the attachments of the extensor pollicis brevis?

Answer 26

Posterior distal ulna | Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 27

What are the attachments of the abductor pollicis longus?

Answer 27

Posterior distal radius and ulna Base of first MC Abducts the thumb

Question 28

What is the innervation of ABPL?

Answer 28

PIN

Question 29

What De Quervain's Tenosynovitis? How do you test it?

Answer 29

Inflammation of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons as they glide over radial styloid. Tested by Finkelstein's test

Question 30

What is the one branch of the median nerve that does not pass through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 30

Palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve

Question 31

What is the primary nerve supplying the thenar intrinsic muscles?

Answer 31

Recurrent branch of median nerve

Question 32

What is the nerve supplying the hypothenar intrinsic muscles?

Answer 32

Ulnar

Question 33

What is a clinical sign of prolonged carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 33

Thenar wasting known as Simian ape hand

Question 34

What are the attachments of the lumbrical muscles?

Answer 34

FDP tendon | Extensor hood

Question 35

What is the action of the lumbricals?

Answer 35

Flex at MP | Extends at PIP/DIP

Question 36

What is the innervation of the lumbricals?

Answer 36

Median AND ulnar nerve! Both sides

Question 37

What do the dorsal interossei muscles do?

Answer 37

Abduct digits | PAD and DAB

Question 38

What do the palmar interossei muscles do?

Answer 38

Adduction | Pad and Dab

Question 39

What innervates the interossei muscles?

Answer 39

Ulnar

Question 40

What is a Swan Neck deformity?

Answer 40

Laxity of the volar plate causes slippage of collateral ligaments: PIP hyper extension/DIP flexion

Question 41

What is a Boutteniere Deformity?

Answer 41

Rupture of the central tendon, through which the PIP joint protrudes. Results in PIP flexion, DIP extension

Question 42

What is a Mallet Deformity?

Answer 42

Extensor tendon laxity due to overstretching or rupture which results in decreased efficiency of the extensor hood. Results in inability to extend the DIP.

Question 43

What is tenodesis?

Answer 43

The natural flexion of fingers from wrist extension

Question 44

Is there any motor innervation in the hand of the radial nerve?

Answer 44

No! Just cutaneous

Question 45

What is the floor of the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 45

Scaphoid