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Body Structures 1 > Forearm and wrist > Flashcards

Forearm and wrist Flashcards

1
Q

What does the brachial artery give off?

A

A deep branch of the arm aka brachial profunda artery

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2
Q

What artery provides the deep blood supply of the forearm?

A

Ulnar artery

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3
Q

At the level of the elbow, the brachial artery divides into the _______ and the _______. The _____ artery branches to anterior and posterior ______ interosseus

A

Radial artery and ulnar artery

Ulnar artery branches into anterior and posterior interosseus arteries

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4
Q

What is the pathway of blood to/from the superficial palmar arch?

A

Ulnar artery -> superficial palmar arch -> common palmar digital arteries -> proper palmar digital arteries

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5
Q

What is the pathway of blood to/from the deep palmar arch?

A

Radial artery -> deep palmar arch -> metacarpal arteries, princeps pollicis artery, radialis indicis

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6
Q

What is the Allen test for collateral circulation?

A

Occlude the radial and ulnar arteries at the rest and allow each side to fill independently.

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7
Q

What are the branches of the median nerve in the forearm?

A

Anterior interosseus nerve (AIN)

Palmar cutaneous branch of MN

Recurrent branch of MN

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8
Q

Where does the anterior interosseus nerve reside? what does it innervate?

A

Anterior aspect of interosseus membrane (between radius and ulna). Passes deep to the pronator quadratus .

Supplies radial portion of FDP, FPL, pronator quadratus

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9
Q

What is the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve? What is unique about it?

A

A cutaneous branch of MN in forearm. Unique in that it does NOT pass through the carpal tunnel

Carries sensory info from skin to central parm

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10
Q

What is the recurrent branch of the median nerve? What is unique about it?

A

Motor branch which supplies intrinsic muscles of thumb

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11
Q

What are the branches of the radial nerve at the cubital fossa?

A

Deep radial nerve

Superficial sensory nerve

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12
Q

What does the deep radial nerve innervate?

A

Supinator muscle

Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle

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13
Q

What does the deep radial nerve become more distally and where is the switch?

A

Becomes the posterior interosseus nerve (PIN) when it pierces the supinator

Runs in the fascial plan between the superficial and deep extensor muscles.

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14
Q

What is a Colles’ fractures?

A

Fall on outstretched hannd/arm. Dorsal displacement of distal fragment (radius receives force)

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15
Q

What is the Smith fracture?

A

Fall on a flexed wrist.

Palmar displacement of the distal fragment

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16
Q

What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

A

Condyloid

17
Q

What type of joint is the midcarpal joint?

A

Synovial

18
Q

What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint

A

Pivot synovial joint

supination/rponation

19
Q

What are the extensor and flexo retinaculum?

A

Thick ligaments on hand. Extensor = dorsal. Flexor = ventral

Prevents bowstringing of tendons

20
Q

What are the radial and ulnar collateral ligaments?

A

Prevent excessive deviation in opposite direction.

21
Q

What IS the carpal tunnel?

A

Floor of carpal bones and Roof of flexor retinaculum (aka transverse carpal ligament)

22
Q

What DOESN’T go through the carpal tunnel? Where does it go instead?

A

The ulnar nerve. Instead it goes through Guyon’s tunnel

23
Q

What are the extensor muscles?

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris

24
Q

What nerve innervates all the extensor muscles of the forearm?

A

Radial and its branches (i.e. deep radial for ECRB and PIN for ECU)

25
Q

What are the flexor muscles of the forearm?

A

Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus

26
Q

What are the nerves innervating the forearm muscles?

A

Flexor carpi radialis and palmaris longus = median

Flexor carpi ulnaris = ulnar

27
Q

What is the proximal attachment of all the extensor forearm muscles?

A

Lateral epicondyle

28
Q

What are the distal attachments of the extensor muscles of the forearm?

A

ECRL: 2nd metacarpal
ECRB: 3rd metacarpal
ECU: 5th metacarpal

29
Q

What is the proximal attachment of all the flexor forearm muscles?

A

medial epicondyle

30
Q

What are the distal attachments of the flexor muscles of the forearm?

A

FCR: 2nd metacarpal
FCU: Pisiform, 5th metacarpal
PL: Fascia of palm

31
Q

What is Dupuytren’s contracture?

A

Thickening of palmar fascia causes contracture of ingers

32
Q

How does wrist ab and adduction occur?

A

Cooperative of both radial or both ulnar muscles (flexor + extensor)

Body Structures 1 (13 decks)

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