Highlight- Egyptian Period Flashcards
Why was Egypt one of the great civilizations?
Egypt had the most influence upon western funeralization
Who was Osiris? and what belief did he come with?
God of the dead and the judge of the underworld.. He believed in Polytheistic belief
What did the Egyptian’s believe about the deceased?
attribute some life to the body lying in the grave, while believing at the same time that an element or aspect of the dead person resides elsewhere, apart from the grave… “Life after death”
What was embalming considered during Egyptian period
Embalming was considered a religious ceremony
What determined what kind of embalming an Egyptian received
social stratification
what contained the internal organs
canopic jars
What was the Focus of the universe from which all things originated and will return?
The sun
the soul element
BA
the shining one element
Yakhu
Who oversaw the embalming and funeralization
Kher-heb (priest)
Who was the flesheater
Sarcophagus
Who was man shaped
Anthropoid
The Egyptians pivoted around the idea that the complex elements that joined to make a person could be reassembled in the body of the dead
Egyptian death beliefs
- The Ba
- The Yakhu
- The Name
- The Shadow
- The Heart
- The Ka
Elements that of the death belief that a person could be reassembled in the body of the dead
The heart element
The seat of the intellect and emotions
The Ka element
Last element as it remained by the dead and demanded attention from the living.
Central to the Egyptian concept of life after death was the belief in
body resuscitation
Among the oldest of Egyptian funeral ceremonies associated with offering the dead such as
as cakes, oils, beer and wine.
What is the great pyramids
both memorials and tombs for the rulers of Egypt.
Tomb chaplains or priests to whom the necessary ritualistic actions on behalf of the dead were delegated
Egyptians Funerary customs
Who was given the tasks of preparing and caring for the dead and how long did this last
Pharaohs down to the least slave and 4000 years
Combined with the religious motive, the concern of the ancient Egyptians for the proper disposal of the dead had to do with
sanitary purposes
Dry burial was to keep the products of putrefaction form
seeping into the soil and generating the plague.
bodies were shrouded in coarse cloth and laid upon beds of charcoal under 6-8 feet of sand on the edge of the great plain at Memphis and above the reach of the flooding nile
Dry burial
3 grades of embalming were used during the Egyptian times.
- High Ranking
- Middle Class
- Poor Class
most elaborate and expensive process was used; the brain and viscera were removed, embalmed or preserved and placed in 4 canonic jars or burial vases
High ranking embalming grade
Injecting cedar oil without evisceration. Body was laid in nature or natron for the prescribed period so that cedar oil could be absorbed in soft organs, flesh was dissolved in natron and was reduced to preserved skin and bones.
Middle class embalming grade
Comprised purging the intestines and soaking the body in a soda solution for 70 days. Use of bitumen or pitch was later developed and resulted in hard, black mummy that tended to last almost indefinitely.
Poor class embalming grade
Why were there Hieroglyphic inscriptions covered the exterior and were devoted to prayers, genealogies and religious magical texts
Help restoration of the body, reconstitute the person and to aid and give power to the dead in the afterlife
- Designer/painter
- Dissector/anatomist
- Pollinctor/apothecary
- Embalmer/surgeon
- Physician/Priest
Egyptian embalming distinct specialists
