High Middle Ages Flashcards
New agricultural tech
Technology such as plows and better ox harnesses allowed more productivity
What were the effects of the crusades?
- Nationalism/Europe as a geographic entity
- Kings and Pope gained power
- Manors to Towns
- Increase in trade, which caused increase in knowledge and culture
- Strained relations between religions
What were the causes of the Crusades?
- Pope Urban ll promoted it/God “promoted” it
- Economic factors- steal from Islam/Holy land has many oppurtunites
Fallow
Three field system which increased productivity and product
Trade fairs
A yearly fair where merchants traded goods
Town charters
Allowed merchants to run towns in return for taxes to the king
Guilds
Trade organizations where people could protect their goods- insured quality control and mutual protection for craftsman and merchants
What factors led to the shift from manors to towns?
Town charters, feudal lords had less power after crusades because many simply died, new farm technology created middle class
Black Plague
Pandemic that killed 1/3 of Europes population
Magna Carta
Document that makes the ruler subjects to the law and therefore created a check to royal power
Pope Urban II
Pope who promoted the crusades and reclaiming of the holy land
Cathedrals
Grand places of worship that took over a century to build
Flying buttresses
Architectural feature that allowed large, open cathedrals to be built
Gothic vs. Roman architecture
Larger, grander, taller, more open, and airier
Heretic
Person whose beliefs go against catholic church
