herpes viruses Flashcards
herpes genome
dsdna enveloped
life cycle
attach-> entry-> uncoating-> gene expression->genome replication, virion assembly
what are the alpha herpes viruses
where are they latent?
HSV, VAricella zoster
sensory neurons
what are the beta herpes viruses
where are they latent?
CMV, HHV-6, HHV-7
myeloid cells
what are the gamme herpes viruses
where are they latent?
EBV, KSV (kaposi sarcoma)
B-cells
what are targets for the apative immune response on herpes viruses
viral glycoproteins
what are the inclusions for alpha viruses
intrannuclear- cowdrie A bodies acidophilic
what are the inclusions for Beta viruses
intranuclear- owl eyes, basophilic
intracytoplasmic CMV, HHV-6
viral actions against host response
decoy receptors
FC binding proteins–> block dendrictic cels
HSV-1
latency in TG ganglion
- rarely causes encephalitis
- above the belt
- prodrome
- antiviral not standard of care
- primary infection is the worst
complications of HSV-1
encephalitis, hepatic keratitis, gingival stomatitis
HSV-2
lumbosacral ganglions, rarely cause meningitis
below the belt
ASX shedding
HSV-2 complications
urethritis, memingitis, yeast superinfection, perirectal diease
HSV lesion natural hx
papule- vesicle-pustule, scab
Varicella
primary is chicken pox
secondary is zoster shingles
respirarory secretions
zoster life cycle
replication in primary lymph nodes–> viremia–> spleen/liver–>viremia–> skin–> rash–> retrograde to DRG
chicken pox characteristics
crops in different stages 3-5 days
dew drops on a rose pedal
infectious untilo scabbbing
Diagnosis of chicken pox
PCR
Tx-
vaccination for those over 60
complications of VZV
bacterial superinfection
encephalitis
congenital VZV
severe in immunocompromised
dermatomlal reactivation
prodrome
vesicular rash in dermatomal distribution
post herpetic neuralgia
shingles therapy
acyclovir +/- steroids
CMV
beta virus, latent in bone marrow progenitors
CD34+
inflammatory stimuli can reactivate virus
who is at risk for CMV
transplant from donor + recipient negative
-all recieve prophylaxis or monitoring
perinatal- maternal shedding in birth canal or MILK
childhood- minor
adoleascent mono like
immunocompromised- can be severe
what is most common new born viral infection and what are its signs
CMV
Jaundice, microcephaly, low platent, HSM
reflects maternal immune status
Tx for Beta herpes viruses
gangcyclovir if needed
if resistent foscarnet
hhv-6, HHV-7
Roseola, 6th disease, extanthem subitum
infects tonsilar, and salivary B and T cells
Hgh fever for 3-7 days, followed by a rash on trunk face and extrmeities
complications of HHV-6 and HHV-7
febrile seizures, end organ dieases in the immunocompromised
gamma herpes viruses
EB virus, HHV-8 (kaposi)
EBV
infectious mono
latency in naive B cells–> can be reactivated when B cell activates
can have a big spleen
symptoms are caused by T cells destroy infected B cells
clinical diagnoses, monospot not that specific
EBM symptoms
fever, pharyngitis, malaise, HSM, Adenopathy
what does EBNA do?
links viral genome to cellular chromosome
what does EBNA-2 do
turns on genes like c-myc
EBV associated malignancy
-post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (lack of CTL) Burkitt lymphoma B cell lymphoma leiomyosarcoma hodgkin lymphoma nasopharyngeocarcinoma gastricadenocarcinoma
Kaposi sarcoma Herpes virus (HHV-8)
hiv associated dark spots on skin considered STD, also spread in saliva clogs up lymphatics latent in B cells associated with lymphoma
