Hernia

Question 1

Hernia

Answer 1

Abnormal protrusion of a cavity’s contents through a weakness in the wall of the cavity

Question 2

Causes of hernias

Answer 2

Anatomical sites
Inherited through collagen disorders
Site where surgical incisions are made

Question 3

Reducible hernia

Answer 3

Hernia can be easily pushed back into abdomen

Question 4

Incarcerated or irreducible hernia

Answer 4

Hernia cannot be manipulated back to abdomen

Question 5

Strangulated hernia

Answer 5

Vascular supply to contents contained within hernia is compromised, resulting in ishcameic and gangrenous tissue

Question 6

Epigastric hernia

Answer 6

Fascial defect in linea alba between xiphoid process and umbilicus

Question 7

Presentation of epigastric hernia

Answer 7

Midline lump

Question 8

Paraumbilical hernia causes

Answer 8

Stretching of abdominal wall by obesity, multiple pregnancy and ascites

Question 9

Adult umbilical hernia

Answer 9

From persistent elevation of intra-abdominal pressure

Question 10

Hesselbach Triangle

Answer 10

Laterally = inferior epigastric artery
Medially = lateral border of rectus muscle
Inferiorly = inguinal ligament

Question 11

Types of inguinal hernia

Answer 11

Direct

Indirect

Question 12

Inguinal hernia

Answer 12

More frequent in males

Patent processus vaginalis + pathological change in connective tissue

Question 13

Clinical inguinal hernia

Answer 13

Groin swelling which usually disappears lying down
Located above medial to pubic tubercle
Palpable cough impulse