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Infection > Hepatitis B > Flashcards

Hepatitis B Flashcards

1
Q

What type of virus is hepatitis B?

A

double-stranded DNA hepadnavirus
(dsDNA)

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2
Q

How is hepatitis B spread?

A

Infected blood/ bodily fluids
Vertical transmission

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3
Q

How can an infection with hepatitis B present?

A

Fever
Jaundice
Elevated liver transaminases.

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4
Q

Who is typically offered treatment for hepatitis B?

A

HBsAg-positive
Compensated liver disease
Pregnant
Young

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5
Q

What is the first line management of hepatitis B?

A

Peginterferon alfa-2a

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6
Q

How long do most people take to recover from a hepatitis B infection?

A

2 months

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7
Q

What can happen to 10% of people infected with hepatitis B?

A

Become chronic carriers

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8
Q

What are HbsAg?

A

Surface antigens

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9
Q

What do Antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) indicate?

A
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10
Q

If if HBsAg is present for > 6 months, what does that suggest?

A

Chronic disease

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11
Q

if HBsAg is present for < 6 months, what does this suggest?

A

Acute disease

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12
Q

What is HBcAb?

A

Core antibody- implies past or current infection

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13
Q

What is HBsAb?

A

Surface antigen- implies vaccination or past or current infection

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14
Q

When is HBsAb negative?

A

In chronic disease

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15
Q

What would the results be if someone had previously been immunised?

A

Anti-HBs positive, all others negative

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16
Q

What would be the results in someone previous with hepatitis B (> 6 months ago), not a carrier?

A

Anti-HBc positive
HBsAg negative

17
Q

What would the results be in someone who previously had hepatitis B and is now a carrier?

A

Anti-HBc positive
HBsAg positive

18
Q

What are the 2 different forms of HBsAb?

A

IgG and IgM

19
Q

When would IgG HBsAb be raised?

A

IgG indicates a past infection

20
Q

When would IgM HBsAb be raised?

A

IgM implies an active infection and will give a high titre with an acute infection

21
Q

What are the possible complications of chronic hepatitis B?

A

chronic hepatitis
hepatocellular carcinoma
polyarteritis nodosa
cryoglobulinaemia

22
Q

What does
HBsAg negative
anti-HBs positive
IgG anti-HBc negative
IgM anti-HBc negative
indicate?

A

Previous immunisation

23
Q

What does
HBsAg positive
anti-HBc IgG positive
anti-HBc IgM negative
Anti-HBs positive
indicate?

A

chronic hepatitis B infection

24
Q

What does
positive HBsAg
Anti-HBc IgM positive
Anti-HBc IgG negative
Anti-HBs positive

A

Acute hepatitis B infection

25
Q

What is HBsAg?

A

The first disease marker
(antigen)

26
Q

What is anti-HBc IgM?

A

IgM antibody
Will be positive in recent infections and negative in chronic infections

27
Q

What is anti-HBc IgG?

A

IgG antibody
It will be positive in chronic infection but negtive in recent infection

28
Q

When is HBsAb positive?

A

When patient has developed antibodies to infection

29
Q

What would indicate that a patient is suseptible to infection?

A

All the results are negative

Infection (25 decks)

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