Hepatic/Biliary/Pancreatic Anatomy Flashcards
What divides the left and right lobes of the liver?
falciform ligament
What does the bare area of the liver directly attach to?
the diaphragm
Where is blood shunted in patients with portal HTN?
spleen and stomach, causing varicose
What is the hepatic artery branch off of?
celiac trunk
What modifications does the gall bladder make to the bile?
concentrates by absorbing H2O, Na, Cl
What substances are present in bile?
bile salt, cholesterol, lecithin, bilirubin
What are the 2 functions of bile salts?
emulsification-decreases surface tension and breaks fast globules into smaller size particles
forms micelles-helps absorption of fat breakdwon products (FAs, monoglycerides, cholesterol)
What is the function of Cholecystokinin (CCK)?
fatty foods in duedenum resuts in release of CCK
-gallbladder contraction/emptying in under a minute (ACh from vagus also weak stimulus)
-relaxation of sphincter of oddi
acts on pancreatic acini to produce digestive enzymes
What is the function of secretin?
acts on biliary and pancreatic duct epithelium to produce a solution rich inn sodium bicarbonate
-helps neutralize acid, need optimal pH for pancreatic digestive enzymes
What pancreatic enzymes are responsible for protein digestion?
trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypolypeptidase
What enzyme in the brush border of enterocytes activates trypsinogen to trypsin?
enterokinase
What enzymes does trypsin activate?
trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and procarboxypeptidase
What prevents trypsin from autodigesting the pancrease?
trypsin inhibitor prevents activation until secretions reach small intestine
What are peptidases?
they are on the surface of villi in the SI
for breaking polypeptides into single AAs for absorption
What pancreatic enzymes are responsible for carbohydrates?
pancreatic amylase
