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GI > Fast Pharm > Flashcards

Fast Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Cimetidine, raniditdine, famotidine, nizatidine

A

histamine H2 blockers, reduce acid secretion, used to tx gastric/duodenal ulcers and GERD
cimetidine inhibits CYP450s

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2
Q

Bismuth subsalicyclate

A

w/magnesium aluminum silica clay antidiarrheal for treating travelers diarrhea
antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, antisecratory actions for sometimes treating ulcers
one arm of H. pylori tx

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3
Q

Metronidazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin, tetracyclin

A

kill H. pylori, results in protection from GI wall associated bacterial-facilitated ulcer, used in combo w/bismuth subsalicylate, PPIs or H2 blockers

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4
Q

Misoprostol

A

prevents NSAID induced ulcers by prostaglandin replacements

contraindicated in pregnant/those planning to get pregnant

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5
Q

Omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole

A

PPIs (K/H/ATPase blockers)
inhibit acid secretion
drug of choice for ZE syndrome
for gastric/duodenal ulcers and GERD

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6
Q

Antacids

A

neutralize secreted acid

simethicone added as antifoaming agent to reduce gas

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7
Q

Mg(OH)2

A

antacid

can cause diarrhea and is cautioned in patients w/renal insufficiency

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8
Q

Al(OH)3

A

antacid

can cause constipation

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9
Q

Sucraflate

A

octasulface of sucrose and Al(OH)3

forms a polymer gel to coat stomach lining and protect it

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10
Q

Octreotide

A

somatostatin agonist used for carcinoid syndrome associated diarrhea

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11
Q

Metoclopramide

A

prokinetic, used for severe GERD and diabetic gastroparesis

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12
Q

Ondanseron, Granisetron

A

5-HT3 blockers which attenuate vomiting by both action at CTZ and visceral afferents
can be combined with dexamethasone to enhance effectiveness

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13
Q

Prochlorperazine

A

a DA2 antagonist used to treat nausea and vomiting

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14
Q

Dronabinol

A

THC used to treat chemo induced vomiting centrally, perhaps acting at the vomiting center in the medulla
used in cases where other therapies are ineffective

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15
Q

Erythromycin

A

prokinetic used to treat diabetic gastroparesis induced vomiting, non-antibiotic effect: acts like motilin to increase gastric emptying and duodenal motility

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16
Q

Dimenhydrinate

A

histamine-1 blocker, used to treat motion-induced vomiting

17
Q

Scopolamine

A

antimuscarinic agent, historical treatment for motion sickness
it acts on the cortex & inner ear

18
Q

Aprepitant

A

substance P receptor antagonist

used in combination therapy for the treatment of chemo assoc. nausea

19
Q

Diphenoxylate

A 
meperidine analog (opiod receptor agonist)
used to treat diarrhea
CNS effects at high dose
20
Q

Loperamide

A

opiod receptro agonist
used to treat diarrhea
does not penetrate into the CNS

21
Q

Docusae salts

A

reduces surface tension in stool (surfactant cathartic)

used to tx constipation

22
Q

Lactulose

A

a nonabsorbed sugar fermented by bacteria to organic acids and causes osmotic retention of fluid
used to treat portal systemic encephalopathy and constipation

23
Q

Polyethylene Glycol

A

is not absorbed and causes osmotic retention of water

used to treat constipation

24
Q

Bisacodyl

A

a diphenylmethane, causes enteric mucosal irritation/inflammation to increase intestinal fluid accumulation
used to tx constipation

25
Q

Lubiprostone

A

activates chloride channels to increase intestinal fluid secretion and intestinal motility. used to treat chronic constipation in adults and women w/IBS constipation

26
Q

Methylnaltrexone

A

a peripherally acting opioid receptor antagonist used for the treatment of opioid induced constipation

27
Q

Prednisone

A

a glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory used to treat acute attacks of inflammatory bowel disease or ulcerative colitis

28
Q

Budesonide

A

an enteric release steroid used to treat Crohn’s disease

29
Q

Sulfasalazine, Olsalazine, Mesalamine

A

5-aminosaliclates (5-ASAs) used for the treatment of IBD

30
Q

Infliximab

A

an immunoglobulin based therapy that binds TNFa

used to treat moderate to severe crohn’s and ulcerative colitis

GI (20 decks)

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