Hepatic Flashcards
Cause of pre-hepatic portal hypertension
Congenital portal vein atresia/fibrosis (ALSO → intraluminal obstruction (portal vein thrombosis), extraluminal obstruction (neoplasia), and hepatic arteriovenous fistulas)
Indications for post prandial bile acids
Differentiating hypoalbuminemia due to PLE vs. liver dysfunction
Enzyme most sensitive for cholestasis?
GGT
What is required for release of ALP from the biliary membrane?
Bile salts
What disease process could worsen hepatic encephalopathy? (choices: anemia, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis)
Metabolic alkalosis - more NH4+ is converted to NH3, which can cross the BBB
Where are bile acids conjugated?
Hepatocytes
What is the carrier for copper in blood?
Ceruloplasmin
Where is lactic acid converted to glucose?
In the liver
What is the most common phase II rxn by the liver?
Glucuronidation
Interpret lab work = cat with elevated ALP, elevated ALT, hyperbilirubinemic, normal GGT
Primary Hepatic lipidosis (feline hepatic lipidosis)
What does post prandial bile acids ddx between?
Hypoalbuminemia from PLE vs liver dz
Signs of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in a cat?
Hypersalivation and depression
What is a common copper chelator and when are they used?
D-penicillamine
Used in patients for whom the actual hepatic copper content has been quantified at >1,500-2,000 ppm
Can cause G.I. side effects and reduce effectiveness of zinc therapy
