Henry VIII - Society Flashcards
Who did Henry promote to become Dukes?
Norfolk and Suffolk
Name members of the nobility who were executed?
Thomas Fiennes in 1541 for the murder of a neighbours servant.
Duke of Buckingham for treason in 1521.
Henry Pole Baron Montague and the Marquess of Exeter in 1538 for treasonable conspiracy
Lords Darcy and Hussey executed for their role in the 1536 rebellion
Knightly families?
Given as a sign of royal favour - there were about 200 in 1924.
JPs?
There was an increase in the number of JPs and many were drawn into unpaid administration.
What was Wales like before 1536?
Wales comprised marcher lordships and the Principality of Wales. It was neither a unified administration nor a formal political link with England.
What was the Laws in Wales Act?
1536 which:
Divided Wales into shire counties which operated on the same basis as their English counterparts.
Gave Welsh shires direct representation in the House of Commons
Brought Wales into the same legal framework as England
What were the English palatines?
Lancashire, Cheshire and Durham were under separate jurisdiction from the rest of the kingdom. The former two had fallen back into royal hands but Durham was still technically separate
What was the Act to do with the English palatines?
The Act Resuming Liberties to the Crown of 1536 reduced the level of independence enjoyed by the Bishop. The palatine court of the chancery continued to operate.
What was the Anglo-Welsh border?
The lands which governed as the principality of Wales along with the four bordering English counties came under the jurisdiction of the Council of Wales and the Marches, which offered cheap and local access to the law
What was the Anglo-Scottish border?
Difficult to police and both sides of border had reputation for lawlessness. Scotland was then split into three marches, each under the jurisdiction of a warden.
What was the Council in the North?
Re-established after the Pilgrimage of Grace in 1536, and it had administrative and legal functions. It kept the North quiet during the summer rebellions of 1549.
What were the consequences of religious upheaval?
Huge amount of land taken by the Crown but Henry had to sell it due to his expensive foreign policy. By 1547 almost two thirds of the monastic land that had been acquired by the Crown had been sold or granted away.
Many monastic schools were lost. Many monks and nuns were rendered unemployed.
The social functions of the Church were lost.
What was the opposition the the Amicable Grant of 1525?
North Essex and south Suffolk - 1000 people gathered at the border between the two to resist the payment. The dukes also faced 4000 taxation resistors.
When was the Pilgrimage of Grace?
October 1536
What were the religious motives for the Pilgrimage of Grace?
Dissolution of the monasteries:
Loss of charitable and educational functions
The possible loss of parish churches
The fear that the north would be impoverished by lands falling into the hands of Southerners
The use of the facilities that monasteries provided
Fear for traditional religious practises from the 1536 injunctions:
Celebration of local Saints were discouraged
Linked to the discouragement of Pilgrimages
There were rumours that the church plate and jewels would be confiscated
