Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Rebellion and disorder under the Tudors 1485-1603 > Henry VIII: Challenging religious changes, 1533–37 > Flashcards

Henry VIII: Challenging religious changes, 1533–37 Flashcards

1
Q

To what was Cromwell appointed to //when?

A

1535- Viceregent in Spirituals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What power did viceregency give to Cromwell (2)

A
  • Used the power to alter the doctrine
  • used his power to launch propaganda campaign in support of the supremacy through preaching in churches
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What new bishop was appointed that shared Cromwell’s religious view

A

Hugh Latimer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happened in 1535

A

Royal letters sent to all bishops, JPs and nobility ordering them to imprison clergymen who continued to preach the pope’s authority

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When was the Act of Ten Articles

A

1536

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What did The Act of Ten Articles set out (3()

A
  • Define the new doctrine of the English Church
  • Article on the Eucharist was deliberately ambiguous
  • number of sacraments was decreased from 7 to 3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

As Viceregent what did Cromwell do in 1536

A
  • issued a set of Injunctions to the English Clergy; attacked trad. practices such as pilgrimages
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What did the 1534 Treason Act do

A

Prosecute those who refused to swear the oath, as they were traitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What did the injunctions attack? (4)

A

pilgrimages, emphasis placed in relics and images, worship of Saints and Holy days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what influential opponents to the supremacy were executed for treason

A

-Sir Thomas More
-John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who were members of the conservative faction in the Royal Court (4)

A
  • Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk
  • Edward Stanley, Earl of Derby
  • Thomas, Lord Darcy
  • John, Lord Hussey
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How was Mary seen by some

A

-Those who wanted to see a restoration of the Catholic faith saw Mary as their natural figurehead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What had happened to Mary in 1534

A

-Was made illigetimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happened concerning Mary and Court

A

1535-36, Court based plot which sought to remove Henry and replace with Mary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What were the monastic orders and what did they follow(2)

A

-Orders such as the Benedictines and Cistercians
-followed rules of poverty, chastity and obedience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Services of monks and nuns (4)

A
  • prayed for the souls of the dead
  • provided support for the poor
  • care for the sick and elderly
  • monasteries provided employment on their estates for both unskilled agricultural workers and skilled craftsmen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

By the 1530s how many religious houses were there and how many people in religious orders

A

900 religious houses
-12,000 people in religious orders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why were monasteries held in high regard in the North

A

North often hit by social and economic hardship
-provided a vital lifeline for those local communities in times of need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

For reformers like Cromwell what did monasteries represent (2)

A

Wealth and the corruption of the church
-and promoting the superstitious belief of purgatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why were the monasteries dissolves (2)

A
  • monks/nuns owed their obedience to Rome
  • dissolving the monasteries would give a valuable source of income
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What revealed the wealth of the monasteries and when

A

1535- Valor Ecclesiasticus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How much did the dissolution raise

A

between 1536 and 1537
-1.3 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

commissioners appointed by Cromwell

A

Thomas Legh, Richard Layton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When were the first monasteries dissolves

A

1536 Act of Parliament- authorised the dissolution of smaller monasteries
(worth less than £200 per annum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What sparked the Lincolnshire Rising

A
  • dissolution of the monasteries and the activities of government officials sparked on 2-3rd October
  • were overseeing the dissolution of the smaller monasteries and visitations of the clergy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What were the religious causes of the rebellion (4)

A
  • rebels called for an end to the heresies of Luther
  • restoration of the powers of the pope
  • reversal of the dissolution of the monasteries
  • members of the clergy complained about government attacks on the traditional privileges of the Church, such as benefit of the clergy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Evidence of the religious motivations (3)

A

-name: PILGRIMAGE
-carried a banner showing the 5 wounds of Christ
-9/24 Pontefract Articles were Religious grievances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Economic motives to the rebellion (3)

A

1534 Subsidy (hit the impoverished North hard)
-Complained about entry fines and enclosures
-1535 Acts of Uses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Social motivations to the rebellion

A

-Feared of the impact that the dissolution would have on the poor (who relied on alms)
-shown by the Pilgrims ballads circulation in 1536

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What were the political demands of the rebels (2)

A

-A northern parliament
-Mary to be made legitimate

31
Q

Who did the rebels think they were rebelling against

A

-not the king himself but his ‘evil councillers’

32
Q

How did the men of Louth show their anger at the dissolution

A

Marched to Legbourne nunnery and capturing the commissioners who were trying to dissolve it

33
Q

How many rebels were in the Lincolnshire rising

A

10,000

34
Q

How had the Lincolnshire Rising ended

A
  • Gentry asked the Duke of Suffolk for a pardon
  • caused anger in the commons but persuaded to go home by Suffolk representative
35
Q

Who was the leader of the Lincolnshire Rising

A

Nicholas Melton

36
Q

Who supported the Lincolnshire Rising

A

all cross sections of society
-Commons
-Monks form Lincolnshire Abbeys (Barlings/Kirkstead)
-some members of the gentry

37
Q

Why was the Lincolnshire Rising threatening(5)

A
  • Gentry became involved
  • 10,000
  • spread rapidly
  • involvement of the clergy/ monks (church usually reinforced the social order)
  • level of organisation
38
Q

What was a mistake H8 made

A

on 19 October he disbanded the 2nd army, leaving the DoS to deal with Lincolnshire on his own

39
Q

When did the PoG start

A

10th October 1536

40
Q

When did the rebels take over York

A

16th October
-rebellion in East riding attracted 10,000 followers

41
Q

How did the rebels in York show their intentions

A

Restored 2 religious houses that had been dissolved

42
Q

What leading members of the gentry and nobility were supporting the PoG (3)

A

-Lord Latimer
-Sir Christopher Derby
-Robert Aske

43
Q

Geographical extent of the PoG

A

covered most of the NOrth and NOrth East (except Lancashire)

44
Q

How many were in the PoG, including who

A

30,000
-in its ranks well trained fighters with experience in wars against Scotland

45
Q

What were Henry’s military resources in the PoG

A

OVERSTRETCHED

46
Q

What happened on the 23 October

A

Duke of Norfolk and Earl of Shewsbury marched North with an army of 8,000 men

47
Q

What ended the PoG

A

8 december
-King’s pardon to the rebels. Begin to disperse

48
Q

What did Bigod plan to do

A

capture Scarborough and Hull

49
Q

When was Bigod captured

A

10 february 1537

50
Q

Suppression of the rebels

A

Carlisle rebels were hanged and executions conducted throughout Cumberland

51
Q

How many people were executed, including who (4)

A

144 people executed
-including Robert Aske, Sir Thomas Percy, Bigod and Lord Hussey

52
Q

influential members of the nobility that were involved in the PoG (4)

A

-Lord Darcy
-Lord Hussey
-Sir Robert Constable
-Sir Thomas Percy

53
Q

How was Aske an effective figure

A
  • Acted as a military captain
  • legal training and position of gentry made him a natural leader
54
Q

Aske’s mistakes (2)

A
  • overly idealistic
  • conviction in the moral rightness of his protest meant that he was too willing to accept concessions
55
Q

Why did Bigod fail (4)

A
  • committed evangelical, not Catholic
  • lacked natural ability to co-ordinate
  • unable to harness support
  • lacked gentry leadership
56
Q

What did Cromwell opportunistically do

A

purged remaining yorkist rivals
e.g Henry Courtenay, Marquis of Exeter
- Henry Pole Lord Montague

57
Q

What did Cromwell use the PoG to further do

A

-used monastic involvement in the PoG, as a pretext to close larger monasteries
(monasteries could now be associated with treason and disobedience of Henry’s supremacy)

58
Q

When did the closure of larger monastaries begin

A

1537

59
Q

How did the closure of larger monasteries begin (4)

A
  • not through an act of parliament
  • tactic of ‘voluntary’ closures
  • Abbots that surrendered their monasteries were well rewarded by the Crown in their pensions
  • Abbots who resisted were executed
60
Q

Act for larger monasteries

A

1539- Act of the Suppression of Religious Houses

61
Q

What was Henry’s initial letter to the rebels(3)

A
  • expressed outrage that the rebels would dare to defy his rule
  • made no concessions
  • no mercy to the ringleaders of the risings
62
Q

rebel reaction to Henry letter

A
  • encouraged the rebels to continue
  • had more to gain by continuing putting pressure on government
63
Q

What was in Henry’s second letter to the rebels

A

-offered negotiation between DoN and 300 of the rebels
-careful not to address Pilgrim’s articles

64
Q

What did Henry do to try and control the rebellion

A
  • Made a series of promises to the rebels that appeared to address their grievances (NOT IN WRITING)
  • able to go back on his word
  • vague promises
65
Q

What did Henry fake promise (3)

A

-a Northern parliament
-general pardon
-truce

66
Q

How did Henry promise the Northern parliament

A

at a later date that was unnamed
-able to delay discussion of controversial grievances (e.g dissolution of the monasteries)

67
Q

What made the PoG go home

A

delaying tactics and Henry’s promises

68
Q

What did DoN suggest to Henry

A

convinced that negotiation and playing for time would be a better tactic
-suggested that Henry propose Northern parliament

69
Q

Why did the DoN’s position make it easier to negotiate

A

rank and position as leading member of the Conservative faction of Court
-Aske and gentry/nobility trusted him to put their case to Henry

70
Q

How did DoN defeat the rebels

A

Made a compromise arrangement
-Norfolk agreed with rebels that monasteries should formally surrender to king’s officials but would then be restored again until parliament met
-this convinced the rebels to accept the king’s pardon

71
Q

How did DoN deal with Bigod’s rising and failed attempt at Carlisle

A

Martial law

72
Q

How did DoN exploit increasing divisions and distrust between commons and former gentry Pilgrims

A

recruited former rebels to his council:
-Sir Ralph Elleker
-Robert Bowes

73
Q

How many were executed who attacked Carlisle

A

74

74
Q

What was done to prevent further unrest (2)

A
  • Re-organised Council of the North
  • appointed loyalist such as Tunstall, who was given extensive powers to enforce obedience to the royal will

Rebellion and disorder under the Tudors 1485-1603 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions