Hemolymphatics Part 2 Flashcards
location of T cells:
location of B cells:
location of macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells:
paracortex
cortex/germinal center
medulla
what disease:
chronic GI signs - diarrhea
fluid accumulation
dilated lymphatics
most common cause of PLE
peripheral edema, ascites, hydrothorax
intestinal/enteric lymphangiectasia
what disease:
chronic GI signs
inflam foreign body reaction
granulomatous inflam forming white masses on serosal/mucosal surfaces
intestinal lipogranulomatous lymphangitis
4 findings of PLE
hypoproteinemia
hypocholesterolemia
lymphopenia
hypocalcemia
4 causes of chylothorax
idiopathic (most common)
Trauma
congestive heart failure (cats>dogs)
chest tumors
List 5 viruses that can injure lymphoid tissue
Parvovirus
Canine distemper virus
FIV
EHV-1
BVDV
how is plague spread and what is the gross finding in cats with plague
Bubonic – rodent/fleas
Septicemic – skin breakage
Pneumonic – air droplets
Peripheral lymphadenopathy
Name 2 causes of bacterial lymphadenitis in horses
Streptococcus equi equi “strangles”
Rhodococcus equi
List 3 bacterial causes of bacterial lymphadenitis in cattle or sheep
Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis
Mycobacterium bovis
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
what bacteria:
enteritis and granulomatous lymphadenitis
chronic, proliferative enteritis
aggregates of epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells
sheep/goat often get granulomas with necrotic caseous centers & mineralization
Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis
“Johne’s disease”
what bacteria:
LN are necrotic & suppurative/abscessed, chronic progressive disease
spread to humans via raw milk or milk products
Mycobacterium bovis
“bovine TB”
what bacteria:
purulent to inspissated with concentric laminations, can cause internal abscessation and chronic wasting
horizontal transmission
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
what virus causes thymic atrophy and granulomatous inflammation
PCV-2
what virus causes lymphoid depletion with granulomatous inflam with multinucleated giant cells and cytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies
PCV-2
List 5 characteristics that define types of lymphoma
- anatomic location
- cell origin
- cell morphology
- histologic pattern
- biologic behavior
clinical signs associated with lymphoma
generalized lymphadenomegaly
GI (thickened intestine, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly)
mild-mod non-reg anemia
lymphopenia/lymphocytosis
hypercalcemia
hyperglobulinemia
flow cytometry
pros:
cons:
pros: subtype & prognosis
cons: fresh viable sample and need sig neoplastic population
histopathology
pros:
cons:
pros: subtype & prognosis with IHC
cons: requires IHC
what techniques can be used on cytology, histology or non-viable samples?
PCR
PARR
PCR
pros:
cons:
pros: can be performed on cytology, histology, non-viable samples
cons: diagnosis not prognosis
PARR
pros:
cons:
pros: distinguish between neoplasia and reactive/hyperplasia, can use cytology, histology or non-viable samples
cons: NOT prognostic
In cats, list 2 prognostic features in GI lymphoma
- Transmural (poor prognosis) or mucosal (good prognosis)
- Stomach & large intestine (poor prognosis) or small intestine (good prognosis)
- Cell size - large (poor) & small (good)
- T vs B cell
Name the disease that is typically associated with thymic lymphoma in cats
FELV/FIV
List two viruses associated with lymphoma in chickens and the difference in anatomic distribution in these diseases
- Gallid herpesvirus 2 “Marek’s disease” - enlarged peripheral nerves and diffuse/nodular lymphoid tumors in heart, ovary, liver, lung, kidney, eyes, feathers, CNS
- lymphoid leukosis - bursa and lymphoid tumors
