Endocrine

Question 1

canine hyperadrenocorticism is primarily due to what

Answer 1

pituitary adenoma

Question 2

pathogenesis of Cushing’s

Answer 2

hypercoagulability (cause of death in acute setting)
muscle atrophy
recurring infection
calcinosis cutis

Question 3

lesions seen with Addison

Answer 3

bilateral adrenal atrophy
pituitary hyperplasia

Question 4

what should the Na:K ratio be in an Addisonian dog

Answer 4

< 25:1

Question 5

equine PPID pathogenesis

Answer 5

lack of dopaminergic inhibition and excess POMC derived peptides = excess ACTH

Question 6

diagnostic test for equine PPID

Answer 6

TRH stim test

Question 7

lesion of feline acromegaly

Answer 7

acquired excess of growth hormone due to acidophil adenoma of pars distalis

Question 8

clinical signs of a cat with acromegaly

Answer 8

hyperglycemic
hyperphosphatemia without renal azotemia
proteinuria
HCM
uncontrolled diabetes with lack of ketosis

Question 9

why do cats with acromegaly get a mild erythrocytosis

Answer 9

effect of insulin like growth factor 1 on BM

Question 10

pathogenesis of canine pheochromocytoma

Answer 10

hypercalcemia and excess vitamin D allow chromaffin cell proliferation

Question 11

clinical signs associated with canine hypothyroidism

Answer 11

atherosclerosis in coronary a. or cerebral a.
hypercholesterolemia
obesity
change in mentation
symmetrical alopecia

Question 12

causes of goiter? what does it lead to?

Answer 12

iodine def, goitrogenic compounds, genetic defect

hypothyroidism but proliferative

Question 13

pseudohyperparathyroidism is due to what

Answer 13

AGASACA
lymphoma
multiple myeloma

Question 14

risk of mineralization when ? and what does this cause?

Answer 14

P x Ca > 60

fibrous osteodystrophy - rubber leg or rubber jaw

Question 15

role of cortisol in regard to pot-bellied appearance and dermal mineralization of hyperadrenocorticism

Answer 15

catabolic - breaks down muscle and dermal collagen

Question 16

what does lack of aldosterone cause in an Addison’s patient

Answer 16

hyperkalemia
hyponatremia

Question 17

diagnostics for a cat with acromegaly

Answer 17

CT for pituitary mass
measure IGF-1

Question 18

canine pheochromocytoma causes what?

Answer 18

catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy
paroxysmal hypertension

Question 19

functional vs non-functional tumors

Answer 19

adenoma - functional
carcinoma - non-functional

Question 20

what is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism in canines

Answer 20

destruction of follicles due to idiopathic follicular atrophy

Question 21

why do cats with hyperthyroidism often get saddle thrombus?

Answer 21

cardiac hypertrophy
turbulent flow and endothelial damage

Question 22

what do you see histologically with feline hyperthryoidism

Answer 22

follicular atrophy

Question 23

what cause of hypercalcemia increases Ca to the greatest extent

Answer 23

primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 24

hyperglycemia diuresis and proliferative glomerulonephropathy is due to what

Answer 24

acromegaly

Question 25

defective sodium reabsorption and associated diuresis is due to what

Answer 25

hypoadrenocorticism

Question 26

inhibition of ADH and increased GFR is due to what

Answer 26

hyperadrenocorticism

Question 27

failure of water reabsorption in the distal renal tubules is due to what

Answer 27

central diabetes insipidus

Question 28

diagnostics for ferret insulinoma

Answer 28

abdominal US C-peptide/insulin measurement